Chapter 14- Civil War

Question 1

Conscription

Answer 1

This required all able-bodied white men age eighteen to thirty-five to serve in the military for three years. Subsequent amendments raised the age limit to forty-five and then to fifty, and lowered it to seventeen.

Question 2

Legal tender act

Answer 2

Signed in 1862, it authorized the issue of $150 million of the so-called greenbacks

Question 3

National bank act

Answer 3

This established criteria by which a bank could obtain a federal charter and issue national bank notes (notes backed by the federal government). It also gave private bankers an incentive to purchase war bonds.

Question 4

Jefferson Davis

Answer 4

President of the confederacy.

Question 5

Radical republicans

Answer 5

A group of republicans that included secretary of the treasury Salmon P Chase, senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, and representative Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania. They never formed a tightly knit unit; on some issues they cooperated with Lincoln. Bu they assailed him early in the war for failing to make emancipation a war goal and later for being too eager to read it the conquered rebel states into the union.

Question 6

Anaconda plan

Answer 6

This military strategy called for the union to blockade the southern coastline and to thrust, like a snake, down the Mississippi River.

Question 7

First battle of bull run

Answer 7

The first major land battle in the civil war. It was also known as first manassas

Question 8

Robert e. Lee

Answer 8

Leader of the confederate army.

Question 9

Battle of Antietam

Answer 9

First major battle on Northern Territory.

Question 10

Ulysses s. Grant

Answer 10

Leader of the union army.

Question 11

William t. Sherman

Answer 11

West Point graduate and Mexican-American war veteran who had most recently run a southern military academy. He led the union troops and captured atlanta.

Question 12

Battle of Shiloh

Answer 12

The bloodiest in American history to that date. It happened in April 6-7, 1862.

Question 13

Cotton diplomacy

Answer 13

Southerners believed they could use cotton to help them win the civil war. Southern notions of embargoing cotton exports in order to bring the British to their knees failed. Planters conducted business as usual by raising cotton and trying to slip it through the blockade.

Question 14

Emancipation proclamation

Answer 14

Issued on January 1, 1863, it declared “forever free” all slaves in areas in rebellion.

Question 15

Women’s national loyal league

Answer 15

An organization that called for a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery founded by women active in the suffrage movement.

Question 16

Freedmen’s bureau

Answer 16

Created by congress in March 1865, it had responsibility for the relief, education, and employment of former slaves.

Question 17

Battle of Gettysburg

Answer 17

The greatest battle and the turning point of the civil war.

Question 18

Battle of Vicksburg

Answer 18

Strategic victory in the west, it gave the union the control of the Mississippi River.

Question 19

Homestead act

Answer 19

Passed in 1862, embodied the Republican Party’s ideal of “free soil, free labor, free men” by granting 160 acres of public land to settlers after five years of residence on the land.

Question 20

Merrill land grant act

Answer 20

This gave to the states proceeds of public lands to fund the establishment of universities emphasizing “such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and mechanic arts.” It spurred the growth of large state universities, mainly in the Midwest and west, Michigan state, Iowa state, and Purdue universities, among others, profited from the law

Question 21

New York City draft riots

Answer 21

Enraged by the first drawing of names under the enrollment act and by a longshoremen’s strike in which blacks had been used as strike breakers, mobs of Irish working-class men and women roamed the streets for four days until suppressed by federal troops.

Question 22

United States sanitary commision

Answer 22

An organization that raised funds at “sanitary funds,” bought and distributed supplies, ran special kitchens to supplement army rations, tracked down the missing, and inspected army camps.

Question 23

Thirteenth amendment

Answer 23

The constitutional amendment that abolished slavery, it was passed by congress in 1865.

Question 24

Appomattox court house

Answer 24

The site where Robert e lee surrendered to Ulysses s grant.