Chapter 2- Colonial Societies Flashcards
Royal Colony
A colony in which a crown-appointed governor would name leading planters to an advisory council.
Proprietary Colony
Territory forfeited to wealthy, trusted English elites who would then be responsible for peopling, governing and defending each proprietary colony. These elites were called proprietors.
Lord Baltimore
The catholic nobleman who was awarded the first proprietary colony in an area north of the Potomac river and east of the Chesapeake bay. The grant guaranteed Lord Baltimore freedom from royal taxation, the power to appoint sheriffs and judges, and the privilege of creating local nobility. His colony was named Maryland and was a refuge for catholic Englishmen.
Act for Religious Toleration
An act drafted by lord Baltimore. Passed by the Protestant dominated local assembly. It guaranteed tolerance for Catholics and Protestants, but not for non-Christians. It was repealed in 1654 by the Protestant local assembly.
Coverture
The rule that a woman had to forfeit all her rights and properties to her husband on marriage. Instituted throughout New England.
Third Anglo-powhatan war
A war between a coalition of bereaved native Americans led by opechancanough and the English Chesapeake colonies. Was started over the encroachment of plantations upon Native American land.
Bacon’s rebellion
A campaign of genocide against peaceful native Americans led by Nathaniel bacon.
John Winthrop
Founder of Boston and the Massachusetts bay colony.
A model of Christian charity
Winthrop’s essay which described the ideals of his new colony.
Massachusetts
Allowed only adult male Puritan church members to vote. About 55% of the colony’s 2300 men were eligible to vote in comparison to england, where property requirements allowed only 30% of the men to vote.
New England way
A set of official policies set out by Puritan ministers to maintain order in the colony.
Roger Williams
A minister who advocated complete separation of church and state as well as religious toleration.
Anne Hutchinson
A member of the Boston congregation who publicly criticized the clergy for judging prospective church members on the basis of “good works”- the catholic standard for salvation that Protestants had criticized since the reformation.
Restoration
Period when the English monarchy was restored after Oliver Cromwell’s death and the coronation of Charles the second.
Pequot war
War in 1637 between the colonists of Connecticut and the Pequot Indians. The colonists won, and they took over the Pequots’ land.
