Chapter 7 Adaptive Immunity Flashcards
Antibody
-protective proteins that help remove alien substances from the body
Antigen
a toxin substance that causes an immune response (pathogen)
Immunization
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Immunoglobin
(makes antibodies)- protects the individual from an infection
immunosuppression
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What is the class and role of IgG?
Class: Most abundant class (80-85%)
Role: Most protective activity against infections
What is the class and role of IgA?
Class: 2 Classes IgA (found in blood) & IgA 2 (found in bodily secretions most important)
Role: Defend against pathogens that enters the Gl or respiratory )
What is the class and role of IgM?
Class: The largest out of the antibodies
Role: First antibody produced during the primary response to an antigen
What is the class and role of IgE?
Class: Least concentrated of the immunoglobulin classes in circulation
Role: Defenders against large parasites, common in allergic responses
What is Adaptive/ acquired Immunity ?
Adaptive is specific (has specific antibodies for certain antigens). It lives very long and has memory(if you get it again, your body will remember it and go attack it).
What are the components of adaptive immunity? And what do they produce?
Humoral and cellular. They both produce memory cells.
What are the components of adaptive immunity? And how do they work?
Humoral has immunoglobulins (antibodies). Cellular has T-cells respond to it by killing the target directly.
An antigen will bind to the antibody of a B-cell. The B-cell will engulf the antigen, then present it on the surface of the cell by MHC ll proteins. The helper T- cells will bind to that complex & replace cytokines (chemical messengers)
What does Naturally acquired mean?
the body is actively is producing antibodies
Naturally acquired (active immunity)
once exposed to an antigen the body will actively produce antibodies
Naturally acquired (passive immunity)
doesn’t make antibodies. antibodies are given to you.
Ex: mother breastfeeding her child (donor to recipient) The baby gets it’s antibodies from the mothers breast milk.
What does artificially acquired mean?
made in a lab
Active acquired
antigens are introduced by vaccines which make your body produce antibodies
passive acquired
give antibodies to help fight an infection (by injection) /T-cells are administered
What are T-cells and where are they located?
What are B-cells and where are they located?
T- cells are located in the thymus and they directly attack the antigen.
B- cells are located in bone marrow and they make antibodies so the antibody can attack the antigen.
Pediatric Immunity
-babies have low immune system
- maternal antibodies provide protection
Aging and Immune Function
- thymus shrinks, so T- cells decrease
- lower immunity
