Chapter 7 Flashcards
Minerals…
Must be provided in the diet
Are inorganic elements
Needed in small amounts in diet
Needed for production, maintenance, reproduction
The requirements for minerals are?
Age
Physiological status
Body storage
Environment
Ca
Calcium
Found in bone, teeth and muscles
Required for bone development, muscle contractions, blood clotting, acid/base balance and neuromuscular control
Practical implications- Ca required for young animals Rickets - abnormal bone growth Osteomalacia - brittle bones Partyrient paresis - milk fever Wheat pasture
Sources of Ca?
Limestone (CaCo3)
Grains (low)
Grasses/legumes (good)
P
Phosphorus
Most known about than any other mineral
Functions - bone, phosphoprotein, phospholipids, nucleus acids, glucose
Deficiency - decreases growth, paralysis, ternary or death
Sources of P?
Dicalcium phosphate, oyster shells, meat and bone meal, grasses (poor)
Mg
Magnesium
Bone development, energy metabolism, CNS - complete with Ca for excitation coupling, part of chlorophyll - essential for photosynthesis
Deficiency- hyperirritabilirty, convulsions, death, vasodilation, grass tetany
Source of Mg?
Mg oxide
Grain (fair to good)
Grass (poor to fair)
Na
Sodium
Electrolyte
90% Na is outside cell
Stressed animals crave -drink urine
K
Potassium
Electrolyte
90% inside cell
Stressed dehydrated animal
CI
Chloride
Most is outside cell
Hydrochloric acid/base balance (HC1)
S
Sulfur
S containing Amino Acids - methionine (hair wool)
Deficiency- wool quality, bacterial crude protein yield lowered
Sources of S?
NaSO4
Sodium sulfate
Cu
Copper Red blood cell formation Reproduction Collagen formation Macro effect - antibiotic (swine) protects animals against bacteria
Deficiency- anemia, reproductive losses
Toxic to sheep. They have a low tolerance
Fe
Iron
O2 transport in the body
Hemoglobin
Deficiency-
Anemia (especially in baby pigs - sows milk low in iron - need injections of iron dextrin)
Thumps - low O2 carrying capacity
(Breathing looks hard and will cause a thumping look)
