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Anatomy > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

4 main regions of the brain

A

Brain stem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum

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2
Q

4 major lobes of the brain

A

Temporal
Parietal
Frontal
Occipital

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3
Q

Temporal functions

A

Hearing, speech, smell

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4
Q

Frontal functions

A

Logic, reasoning

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5
Q

Parietal functions

A

Touch, taste, sensory cortex

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6
Q

Occipital function

A

Vision

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7
Q

Gyri

A

Elevated ridges of the brain; increase surface area

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8
Q

Sulci

A

Shallow grooves found between gyri ridges

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9
Q

Fissures

A

Deep grooves that separate the major lobes of the brain

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10
Q

Cerebrum divisions

A

4 lobes of brain

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11
Q

Cerebellum divisions

A

Two hemispheres

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12
Q

Brain stem components

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Reticular formation

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13
Q

Components of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal body
Pituitary gland

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14
Q

Name of the bone where the foramen magnum is located

A

The occipital bone right below the medulla oblongata

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15
Q

The cerebral hemispheres are connected together by a structure called

A

The corpus callosum

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16
Q

Cerebellum location

A

Base of the brain underneath the occipital lobe

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17
Q

Cerebellum function

A

Controls movement and posture, maintains balance, sensory information

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18
Q

Medulla oblongata location

A

Directly above the foramen magnum in the occipital bone

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19
Q

Medulla oblongata function

A

Controls heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, swallowing, vomiting

20
Q

Midbrain location

A

Uppermost part of the brain stem

21
Q

Midbrain function

A

Serves as a relay station for nerve signals

22
Q

Pons location

A

Bulge in the brain stem below the midbrain

23
Q

Pons function

A

Regulates breathing

24
Q

Reticular formation location

A

Down the length of the brain stem

25
Q

Reticular formation function

A

Controls consciousness and the wake/sleep cycle

26
Q

Location of the diencephalon

A

Above the brain stem and below the corpus callosum

27
Q

Thalamus function

A

A nerve signal relay station, receives signals from sense organs and passes them on to the sensory cortex of the brain

28
Q

Choroid plexus (in the thalamus) function

A

Secreted cerebrospinal fluid to nourish and protect the brain

29
Q

Hypothalamus location

A

Under the thalamus

30
Q

Hypothalamus function

A

Maintains homeostasis (body temp, water balance, metabolism)

31
Q

The hypothalamus is the center of the

A

Lymbic system

32
Q

Pineal body (near the thalamus)

A

Function: sleep, but main function is unknown

Secreted the hormone melatonin

33
Q

Pituitary gland location

A

Extends down from the hypothalamus and rests in the sphenoid bone

34
Q

Pituitary gland function

A

Combines with hypothalamus to regulate hormones in the body

35
Q

Cingulate cortex

A

Part of the cerebrum, pain

36
Q

5 functions of the limbic system

A
  1. Regulates the autonomic nervous system
  2. Regulates the endocrine system (hormones)
  3. Responds to emotions
  4. Learning and memory formation
  5. Controls the pleasure and reward pathways
37
Q

Hypothalamus functions

A

Serves as the primary output of information from the limbic system. Receives input from hippocampus and amygdala. Regulates hormones and behavior

38
Q

Hippocampus location

A

Connected to the hypothalamus by a nerve tract called the fornix (in the temporal lobe)

39
Q

Hippocampus function

A

Center for learning and memory (also associated with emotions)

40
Q

Mammillary bodies location and function

A

Located at the end of the fornix

Function is memory

41
Q

Fornix location

A

An arc that extends over the thalamus

42
Q

Fornix function

A

Connects hippocampus to the hypothalamus

43
Q

Septum or septate nuclei location

A

Next to mammillary bodies

44
Q

Septate nuclei function

A

Pleasure and reward center of the brain, involved in addiction

45
Q

Amygdala location and function

A

Center of the limbic system.
L: near the hippocampus and mammillary bodies
F: regulates behavior and responds to emotional triggers

46
Q

Where is melatonin produced

A

Pineal gland

47
Q

Where is serotonin produced

A

Central nervous system

Anatomy (12 decks)

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