Chapter 7

Question 0

Flexibility

Answer 0

The normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allows the full range of motion of a joint

Question 1

In today’s society nearly everyone is plagued by postural imbalances largely as the result of…

Answer 1

Sedentary lifestyles, advancements in technology, and repetitive movements.

Question 2

Extensibility

Answer 2

Capability to be elongated or stretched

Question 3

Dynamic range of motion

Answer 3

The combination of flexibility and the nervous systems ability to control this range I motion efficiently

Question 4

Neuromuscular efficiency

Answer 4

The ability of the neuromuscular system to allow agonists, antagonists, and stabilizers to work synergistically to produce, reduce and dynamically stabilize the entire kinetic chain in all three planes of motion

Question 5

Postural Distortion patterns

Answer 5

Predictable patterns of muscle imbalances

Question 6

Relative flexibility

Answer 6

The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

Question 7

Muscle imbalance

Answer 7

Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint

Question 8

Muscle imbalances can be caused by

Answer 8

Postural stress 
Emotional duress
Repetitive movement
Cumulative trauma
Poor training technique
Lack of core strength
Lack of neuromuscular efficiency

Question 9

Muscle imbalances may be caused by OR result in

Answer 9

Altered reciprocal inhibition
Synergistic dominance
Arthrokinetic dysfunction
Overal decreased neuromuscular control

Question 10

Altered reciprocal inhibition

Answer 10

The concept of muscle inhibition cause by a tight agonist which inhibits it’s functional antagonist

Question 11

Reciprocal inhibition

Answer 11

The simultaneous contraction of one muscle and the relaxation of it’s antagonists to allow movement to take place

Question 12

Synergistic dominance

Answer 12

The neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover

Question 13

Arthrokinematics

Answer 13

The motions of joints in the body

Question 14

Arthrokinetic dysfunction

Answer 14

Altered forces at the joint that results in abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint

Question 15

Mechanoreceptors (sensory receptors)

Answer 15

Located in muscles and tendons help to determine muscle balance or imbalance. Include muscle Spindles and Golgi tendon organs

Question 16

Muscle spindles

Answer 16

Muscle spindles are the major sensory organ of the muscle and are composed of microscopic fibers that lie parallel to the muscle fiber

Question 17

What is the function of the muscle spindle?

Answer 17

To help prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast

Question 18

Golgi tendon organs

Answer 18

Located within the musculotendinous junction which is where the muscle and tendon meet.

Question 19

What does the Golgi tendon do?

Answer 19

When excited the Golgi tendon organ causes the muscle to reals which prevents the muscle from bring placed under excessive stress which could result in injury

Question 20

Prolonged Golgi tendon organ stimulation provides

Answer 20

An inhibitory action to muscle spindles

Question 21

Autoagenic inhibition

Answer 21

Process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscle to contract , providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles

Question 22

Autoagenic inhibition is one of the main principles used in

Answer 22

Flexibility training

Question 23

Pattern overload

Answer 23

Consistently repeating the same pattern motion, May place abnormal stresses on body

Question 24

Flexibility training is used for

Answer 24

Correcting muscle imbalances
Increasing joint range if motion
Decreasing excessive muscle tension
Relieving joint stress

Question 25

David’s law

Answer 25

Soft tissue models along the lines of stress

Question 26

Integrated flexibility continuum

Answer 26

Corrective STATIC
Active ACTIVE ISOLATED
Functional DYNAMIC

Question 27

Static stretching

Answer 27

Performed after SMR
hold for 30 secs to activated Autoagenic inhibition
Used in stabilization of opt model

Question 28

Active stretching

Answer 28

Move into stretch
Hold for 1 to 2 secs
Repeating for 5 to 10 reps
Used in strength of opt model

Question 29

Dynamic stretching

Answer 29

Active extension of a muscle moving through a full range of motion at higher speed
Reciprocal inhibition
Sets of exercises