Chapter 7 Flashcards

0
Q

Flexibility

A

The normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allows the full range of motion of a joint

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1
Q

In today’s society nearly everyone is plagued by postural imbalances largely as the result of…

A

Sedentary lifestyles, advancements in technology, and repetitive movements.

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2
Q

Extensibility

A

Capability to be elongated or stretched

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3
Q

Dynamic range of motion

A

The combination of flexibility and the nervous systems ability to control this range I motion efficiently

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4
Q

Neuromuscular efficiency

A

The ability of the neuromuscular system to allow agonists, antagonists, and stabilizers to work synergistically to produce, reduce and dynamically stabilize the entire kinetic chain in all three planes of motion

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5
Q

Postural Distortion patterns

A

Predictable patterns of muscle imbalances

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6
Q

Relative flexibility

A

The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

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7
Q

Muscle imbalance

A

Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint

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8
Q

Muscle imbalances can be caused by

A
Postural stress 
Emotional duress
Repetitive movement
Cumulative trauma
Poor training technique
Lack of core strength
Lack of neuromuscular efficiency
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9
Q

Muscle imbalances may be caused by OR result in

A

Altered reciprocal inhibition
Synergistic dominance
Arthrokinetic dysfunction
Overal decreased neuromuscular control

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10
Q

Altered reciprocal inhibition

A

The concept of muscle inhibition cause by a tight agonist which inhibits it’s functional antagonist

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11
Q

Reciprocal inhibition

A

The simultaneous contraction of one muscle and the relaxation of it’s antagonists to allow movement to take place

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12
Q

Synergistic dominance

A

The neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover

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13
Q

Arthrokinematics

A

The motions of joints in the body

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14
Q

Arthrokinetic dysfunction

A

Altered forces at the joint that results in abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint

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15
Q

Mechanoreceptors (sensory receptors)

A

Located in muscles and tendons help to determine muscle balance or imbalance. Include muscle Spindles and Golgi tendon organs

16
Q

Muscle spindles

A

Muscle spindles are the major sensory organ of the muscle and are composed of microscopic fibers that lie parallel to the muscle fiber

17
Q

What is the function of the muscle spindle?

A

To help prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast

18
Q

Golgi tendon organs

A

Located within the musculotendinous junction which is where the muscle and tendon meet.

19
Q

What does the Golgi tendon do?

A

When excited the Golgi tendon organ causes the muscle to reals which prevents the muscle from bring placed under excessive stress which could result in injury

20
Q

Prolonged Golgi tendon organ stimulation provides

A

An inhibitory action to muscle spindles

21
Q

Autoagenic inhibition

A

Process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscle to contract , providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles

22
Q

Autoagenic inhibition is one of the main principles used in

A

Flexibility training

23
Q

Pattern overload

A

Consistently repeating the same pattern motion, May place abnormal stresses on body

24
Flexibility training is used for
Correcting muscle imbalances Increasing joint range if motion Decreasing excessive muscle tension Relieving joint stress
25
David's law
Soft tissue models along the lines of stress
26
Integrated flexibility continuum
Corrective STATIC Active ACTIVE ISOLATED Functional DYNAMIC
27
Static stretching
Performed after SMR hold for 30 secs to activated Autoagenic inhibition Used in stabilization of opt model
28
Active stretching
Move into stretch Hold for 1 to 2 secs Repeating for 5 to 10 reps Used in strength of opt model
29
Dynamic stretching
Active extension of a muscle moving through a full range of motion at higher speed Reciprocal inhibition Sets of exercises