Chapter 7 Flashcards
DEFINE
Secondhand Smoke
Smoke exhaled from a smoker, or released due to the burning of tobacco products
DEFINE
Thirdhand smoke
Remnants of tobacco left behind on material in the enviroment after smoking
EXPLAIN
What is flue curing?
The treatment of tobacco leaves with heat in order to produce a neutral pH, allowing it to be inhaled more comfortably
EXPLAIN
What is the typical blood concetrations expected with use of nicotine products?
12-16ng/mL
EXPLAIN
How is nicotine distributed?
small, uncharged and lipid soluble
EXPLAIN
How is nicotine metabolized?
in the liver by CYP-2A6 Enzymes; Produces cotinine
EXPLAIN
What is the half-life of nicotine?
~2 hours
EXPLAIN
What does it mean for the nicotinic acetylocholine receptor to be desensitized?
It means the agonist (Nicotine) is still binded from activation, but the channel is no longer open
DEFINE
Functional Antagonism
an indirect or atypical means of inhibiting a receptor
EXPLAIN
What does it mean for a neuron to upregulate a receptor?
More receptor form on the cell surface, increasing the reaction of the nicotine
a result of chronic administration
LIST
What drug do rats need a paradigm to become addicted to?
Nicotine
DEFINE
Nitrosamines
Chemicals that are known to promote cancerous tumour growth
LIST
What are 5 ways people quit smoking?
- Cold Turkey
- Nicotine replacement
- Varenicline (Agonist of nicotinic ACh)
- Bupropion (Increases dopamine)
- Psychotherapy
EXPLAIN
What chemical class is Caffeine apart of?
Xanthine
LIST
What are the active metabolites of Caffeine?
- Theobromine
- Theophylline
- Paraxanthine
EXPLAIN
What kind of receptor antagonist is caffeine?
Adenosine Receptor Antagonist
