chapter 7 Flashcards
what were the troubles in nicholas II’s personality that caused support to be cautious
-small frame, didnt appear as a leader
-quite young
-unpopular with ethnic minorities
what was the event of the troubling start to his rule
may 1896
Khodynka fields fair
overpopulated event as gifts were promised
1400 women men children were injured or killed
what event caused the people to be more active in political affairs
great famine 1891-92
politicised many and wanted to take matters into their own hands
demonstrated incompetence of tsarist gov
what was a demonstration of political unrest in rural areas mid 1900s
1902-07 had many rioting and disturbed peasants
arson and destruction to landlord property
how were the disturbances dealt with
tsar’s minister stolypin
violent punishments eg flogging
gallows became referred to as stolypin’s necktie
who lead the bloody sunday protest and what religion was he
Father Gapon
Orthodox Christian
why was nicholas so confident leading up to the russo-japanese war
general perception the japanese were stupid and backward
belief of russia being the greatest empire
what were major reasons the russians lost the russo japanese war
-6000 mile distance from capital
-unprepared for how underdeveloped their techniques were in comparison
-major unsupport from public
what was the main demand from the zemstvo and the public in terms of government change
introduction of dumas or secondary govs
what was the major threat that seemed to be the reason nicholas agreed to reform
general strike from a petersburg soviet that comprised of revolutionaries
what day was the october manifesto signed
17/10/05
what were the promises of the october manifesto
-grant civic freedom eg. personal rights and freedom of conscience, speech and union
what gov mistake did nicholas make at the start of his rule
- dismissed competent minister sergei & instead surrounded self with reactionary ministers
name a embarrassing defeat of russo-japanese war
may 1904 - forces defeated at mukden.
90k die
what was the final battle to end the russo-japanese war
losing port arthur december 1904
3/01/1905 revolutionary activity?
putilov iron works protest
june 1905 revolutionary activity?
potenkin naval base mutiny kills 2k
what was the cause of these protests?
defeat in russo-japanese outlied failures of gov
living conditions
food shortages
tired of autocracy
what did nicholas do in august to combat these
announced creation of state dumas
what were the promises of the oct manifesto
civil liberties free for all
state duma created
duma would be able to create laws and be created
how did political groups react to this
liberal/progressives adopt it
SRs critical
peasant uprisings continue
when was the fundamental law created
april 1906
what was the fundamental law
new constitution drawn up
political parties legislated for election
SRs and B’viks refuse to participate
what were the actual fundamental laws
tsar has:
supreme autocratic power
initiate legislation and approve laws
appoint/dismiss ministers
can summon/dissolve duma as he pleases
rules by decree
what did the fundamental laws demonstrate abt nicholas
thayt he didnt want to become a constitutional monarch
