Chapter 7

Question 1

Ethnicity

Answer 1

Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth.

Question 2

Race

Answer 2

Identity with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin color.

Question 3

Nationality

Answer 3

Identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country.

Question 4

Racism

Answer 4

The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.

Question 5

Racist

Answer 5

A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.

Question 6

Ethnic enclave

Answer 6

A place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area.

Question 7

Ethnoburb

Answer 7

A suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnic population.

Question 8

Triangular slave trade

Answer 8

An efficient triangular tradign pattern, from the Americas to Europe to Africa and then back again.

Question 9

Sharecropper

Answer 9

Works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent by turning a share of the crops over to the landowner.

Question 10

Blockbusting

Answer 10

Where real estate agents convinced white homeowners to sell their houses cheaply, preying on their fears that black families would soon move into the neighborhood and cause property values to decline.

Question 11

Apartheid

Answer 11

The legal separation of races into different geographic areas in South Africa.

Question 12

Centripetal force

Answer 12

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state.

Question 13

Centrifugal force

Answer 13

Spreads people out from the center and decreases support for a state.

Question 14

Nationalism

Answer 14

Loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality.

Question 15

Ethnic cleansing

Answer 15

A purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent and terror-inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic or religious group from certain geographic areas.

Question 16

Balkanized

Answer 16

A small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into stable countries because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonism toward each other.

Question 17

Balkanization

Answer 17

The process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities.

Question 18

Genocide

Answer 18

The mass killing of a group of people in an attempt to eliminate the entire group from existence.