Chapter 3 Flashcards
Migration
A permanent move to a new location.
Mobility
A more general term covering all types of movements from one place to another.
Circulation
Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that occur regularly.
Emigration
Migration from a location.
Immigration
Migration to a location.
Net migration
The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants: if the number of immigrants exceeds the number of emigrants, the net migration is positive, and the region has in-migration, and vice-versa.
International migration
A permanent move from one country to another.
Migration transition
Changes in a society through migration patterns comparable to those in the demographic transition.
Voluntary migration
The migrant has chosen to move, often for economic reasons and occasionally for environmental reasons.
Forced migration
The migrant has been compelled to move by cultural or environmental factors.
Internal migration
A permanent move within the same country.
Interregional migration
Movement from one region of a country to another.
Intraregional migration
Movement within one region.
Counterurbanization
Net migration from urban to rural areas.
Push factor
Induces people to move out of their present location.
Pull factor
Induces people to move into a new location.
Refugee
A person who has been forced to migrate to another country to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights, or other disasters and cannot return for fear of persecution because of race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.
Internally displaced person (IDP)
A person who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.
Asylum seeker
Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee.
Floodplain
An area subject to flooding during a specific number of years, based on historical trends.
Desertification
Deterioration of land to a desertlike condition typically due to human action.
Intervening obstacle
An environmental or political feature that hinders migration.
Remittance
The transfer of money by migrant workers to people in the country from which they emigrated.
Unauthorized immigrants
Immigrants who enter countries without proper documents (illegally.)
Quotas
Maximum limits on the number of people who could immigrate to the United States during a one-year period.
Brain drain
A large-scale emigration by talented people.
Chain migration
The migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.
Guest worker
Programs in which immigrants from poorer countries were allowed to immigrate temporarily to obtain jobs, mostly during the 1960s and ‘70s.
Circular migration
The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment.
