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Med Terms > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Asthma

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes often triggered by an allergic reaction

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2
Q

Airway inflammation

A

Swelling and clogging of the bronchial tubes with mucus.

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3
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles.

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4
Q

Upper respiratory Infections

A

Along with acute nasopharyngitis are among the terms used to describe the common cold

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5
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

Allergic reaction to airborne allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus.

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6
Q

Croup

A

Acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor.

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7
Q

Diphtheria

A

Acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract

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8
Q

Epistaxis

A

Bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, injury, medication, to prevent blood clotting or high blood pressure

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9
Q

Influenza

A

Aka the flu, an acute, highly contagious viral infection characterized by respiratory inflammation, fever, chills, and muscle pain.

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10
Q

Pertussis

A

Contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspriation.

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11
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Watery flow of mucus from the nose

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12
Q

Sinusitis

A

Inflammation of the sinuses

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13
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx

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14
Q

Laryngospasm

A

Sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

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15
Q

Expectoration

A

Root: expector - to cough up
Suffix: ation - state or action

Definition: the act of coughing up and spitting out saliva, mucus, or other bodily fluid

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16
Q

Hemoptysis

A

CF: hem/o - blood
Suffix: ptysis - spitting

Definition: expectoration of blood or blood stained sputum derived from lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage

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17
Q

Airway obstruction

A

Definition: choking, occurs when food or a foreign object blocks the airway, preventing air from entering or leaving the lungs

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18
Q

Anoxia

A

Prefix: an- without
Root: ox - oxgen
Suffix: ia - abnormal condition
Definition:

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19
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

combining form: pneum/o- lung

root word: coni- dust

suffix: -osis- abnormal
condition/disease

definition: any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact

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20
Q

asbestosis

A

root word: abest - abestos

suffix: -osis- means abnormal condition or disease

definition: caused by asbestos particles in the lungs and usually occurs after working with asbestos

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21
Q

silicosis

A

root word: silic- glass

suffix: -osis- abnormal condition/disease

definition: caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs and usually occurs after working in occupations including foundry work, quarrying, ceramics, and sand blasting.

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22
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

definition: threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.

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23
Q

lung cancer

A

definition: the leading cause of death in the united states, a condition in which cancer cells form in the tissues of the lung.

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24
Q

eupnea

A

prefix: eu- good

suffix: pnea- breathing

definition: easy/normal breathing

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25
apnea
prefix: a- without suffix: pnea- breathing definition: the temporary absence of spontaneous respiration
26
bradypnea
prefix: brady- slow suffix: pnea- breathing definition: abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually of less than 10 breaths per minute
27
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
definition: irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea
28
tachypnea
prefix: tachy- rapid suffix: pnea- breathing definition: abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually of more than 20 breaths per minute
29
dyspnea
prefix: dys- painful suffix: pnea- breathing definition: difficult/labored breathing
30
hyperpnea
prefix: hyper- excessive suffix: pnea- breathing definition: breathing that is deeper and more rapid than it is at rest
31
hypopnea
prefix: hypo- decreased suffix: pnea- breathing definition: shallow or slow respiration
32
hyperventilation
prefix: hyper- excessive suffix: ventilation- breathing definition: abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety
33
sleep apnea
definition: a serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep for periods long enough to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels
34
Respiratory System
supplies the blood with oxygen for transportation to the cells in all parts of the body. It also removes carbon dioxide and some water waste from the body
35
Upper Respiratory Tract
consists of the nose (nostrils), mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea
36
Lower Respiratory Tract
consists of the bronchial tree and lungs. These structures are located within and protected by the thoracic cavity, or thorax, also known as the ribcage
37
Nasal Septum
a wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two equal sections. A septum is a wall that separates two chambers
38
Cilia
the thin hairs located just inside the nostrils that filter incoming air to remove debris
39
Mucous Membranes
These line the nose. These specialized tissues also line the digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems as well as other parts of the respiratory system
40
Mucus
a slippery secretion produced by the mucous membranes that protects and lubricates these tissues. In the nose, it helps moisten, warm, and filter the air as it enters. Mucous is the tissue, mucus is the secretion that flows from it.
41
Olfactory Receptors
the nerve endings that act as the receptors for the sense of smell. They are also located in the mucous membrane in the upper part of the nasal cavity.
42
Tonsils
part of the lymphatic system, help protect the body from infection coming through the mouth/nose. Also called the palatine tonsils, they are located at the back of the mouth
43
Adenoids
part of the lymphatic system, help protect the body from infection coming through the mouth/nose. Also called the nasopharyngeal tonsils, they higher up, behind the nose and the roof of the mouth
44
Frontal Sinuses
located in the frontal bone just above the eyebrows. An infection here can cause severe pain in this area
45
Sphenoid Sinuses
located in the sphenoid bone behind the eye and under the pituitary gland, are close to the optic nerves, and an infection here can damage vision
46
Maxillary Sinuses
the largest of the paranasal sinuses, are located in the maxillary bones under the eyes. An infect in these sinuses can cause pain in the posterior maxillary teeth
47
Ethmoid Sinuses
located in the ethmoid bones between the nose and the eyes, are irregularly shaped air cells that are separated from the orbital (eye) cavity by only a thin layer of bone
48
Tracheostomy
Def: is the surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing Root: trache (trachea) Suffix: -ostomy (surgically creating an opening)
49
Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)
Is the use of a thoracoscope to view the inside of the pleural cavity through very small incisions
50
Tracheotomy
Is a procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage Root: trache (trachea) Suffix: -otomy (surgical incision)
51
Pneumonectomy
Is the surgical removal of all or part of a lung Root: pneumon (lung) Suffix: -ectomy (surgical removal)
52
Lobectomy
The surgical removal of a lobe of an organ, usually the lung, brain, or liver Root: lob (lobe) Suffix: -ectomy (surgical removal)
53
Wedge resection
A surgery in which a small wedge shaped piece of cancerous lung tissue is removed, along with a margin of healthy tissue around the cancer
54
Thoracentesis
Surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity Root: thor/a (thorax or chest) Suffix: -centesis (surgical puncture to remove fluid)
55
Thoracotomy
Surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment Root: thorac (chest) Suffix: -otomy (surgical incision)
56
CPAP machine
A noninvasive ventilation device used in the treatment of sleep apnea. A face mask is connected to a pump that creates constant air pressure in the nasal passages, holding the airway open.
57
BiPAP machine
Is like a CPAP machine bit it can be set at a higher pressure for inhaling and a lower pressure for exhaling. Used for sleep apnea in patients with neuromuscular diseases.
58
Ambu bag or Bag valve mask (BVM)
An emergency resuscitator used to assist ventilation.
59
Ventilator
A mechanical device for artificial respiration that is used to replace or supplement the patients natural breathing function. It forces air into the lungs; exhalation takes place passively as the lungs contract.
60
Supplemental oxygen
Is administered when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation level in the blood from breathing normal air.
61
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)
Involves breathing pure oxygen in a special chamber that allows air pressure to be raised up to three times higher than normal.

Med Terms (8 decks)

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