Chapter 7 Flashcards
What are opiates
drug derived from opium poppy plant; highly addictive; can be natural, synthetic, endogenous
History of Fentanyl
first developed in 1959 synthesized by Dr Paul Janssen; illegally manufactured and distributed in US; used for cardiac and vascular surgery
famous overdose from fentanyl
Singer Prince
What Schedule is Fentanyl
Schedule II
Medical Uses for Fentanyl
analgesic and as an anesthetic
Street names for Fentanyl
China town, China girl, Great bear, murder 8, Apache, He-man, King ivory, Tango&Cash
Effective dose of fentanyl as compared to morphine and heroin
100 times more potent than morphine and 50 times more potent than heroin
Lethal dose of Fentanyl
2mg
Fentanyl Effects on the body
relaxation, euphoria, pain relief, sedation, confusion, nausea, urinary retention, respiratory depression, drowsiness
Fentanyl OD Symptoms
coma, respiratory failure, cold and clammy skin, changes in pupillary size
Routes of Administration for Fentanyl
Injected, snorted, smoked, oral, blotter paper
withdrawal effects of fentanyl
very miserable, appears 1-2 weeks after abuse, within 5 days symptoms of withdrawal subside
withdrawal symptoms of fentanyl
pain and irritability, depression, anxiety, insomnia, hyperventilation, pupil dialation, elevated body temperature
treatments for fentanyl withdrawal
Naltrexone, Clonidine, Ultra-Rapid opioid Detoxification
when combined with fentanyl what drug provides greater relief from pain after surgery
Dexmedetomidine
from 2010 to 2016, what has happened to number of stamp bags in Allegheny county containing fentanyl
fentanyl started to appear in 2014 and rose dramatically after that
What is Narcan
brand name for naloxone which is a fast acting medicine that reverses an opioid overdose
What is Narcan Used For
to revive someone experiencing an opioid overdose
How does Narcan work
through nasal spray, an automatic injector, or a bottle of naloxone and a syringe
History of Opioid Epidemic
Kentucky was a major area of opioid drug use; over 259 mil opioids prescribed a year; 199 to 2017 over 500,000 deaths from overdose
Purdue Pharmaceutical
attempted to promote and regulate the use and prescribing of oxycontin for pain relief
Are Prescription Painkillers gateway drugs
yes
narcotic
any drug that dulls the senses, relives pain, and induces sleep
analgesic
a drug that relieves pain
naloxone
short-acting opioid receptor blocker that crosses the blood–brain barrier and enters the brain faster than heroin or morphine
synthetic opiates
man-made opiates that are not chemically similar to naturally occurring opiates
5th vital sign
pain
naltrexone
antagonist medication that treats opioid use disorder
clonidine
agonist that surpresses symptoms of opiate withdrawal
ultra-rapid detoxification
treatment technique for opiate withdrawal where subject is put under heavy sedation and naloxone and clonidine is given to the subject to completely block opioid receptors
dexmedetomidine
sedative
fentanyl analog
acetylfentanyl, furanylfentanyl, and carfentanil
Enhanced State opioid overdose surveillance (ESOOS)
oversees the opioid overdose deaths in 10 states in the US