Chapter 7

Question 1

OCD criteria

Answer 1

1. Obsessions and/or compulsions

2. thoughts or activities take up at least 1hr per day

Question 2

BDD criteria

Answer 2

1. preoccupation with one or more perceived defects in appearance
2. others find defect unobservable
3. repetitive behaviours in response to appearance concerns
4. not restricted to weight or fat

Question 3

Hoarding disorder criteria

Answer 3

1. Difficulty discarding possessions, regardless of value
2. need to save items
3. distress when discarding items
4. accumulation of a large number of possessions that clutter living spaces

Question 4

Prevalence for OCD, BDD and hoarding

Answer 4

OCD and BDD 2%

Hoarding 1.5%

Question 5

Brain regions involved in obsessive compulsive and related disorders

Answer 5

1. Orbitofrontal cortex
2. Caudate nucleus
3. anterior cingulate

Question 6

Cognitive behavioral theory for etiology OCD

Answer 6

Functional responses for threat become habitual and therefore have trouble overriding them when gone

Question 7

Cognitive model etiology OCD

Answer 7

Thought suppression makes it worse. Thinking about something makes it more likely to happen. thoughts are just as bad as actions

Question 8

BDD etiology cognitive model

Answer 8

People with BDD are very detail oriented. Look at one feature at a time. Consider attractiveness to be very important.

Question 9

Cognitive model etiology hoarding

Answer 9

1. Poor organizational skills
2. Problems with attention
3. Difficulty categorizing
4. Unusual beliefs about possessions
5. Extreme emotional attachment to objects
6. Avoidance behaviors

Question 10

Treatment for OCD, BDD and hoarding

Answer 10

1. Antidepressants

2. Exposure and response prevention

Question 11

Criteria for PTSD

Answer 11

1. Exposure to trauma
2. 1 of the following: recurrent intrusive memories, recurrent distressing dreams, dissociative reactions.
3. avoids reminders of the trauma
4. 2 negative alterations in cognition and mood
5. 2 changes in arousal and reactivity
6. at least one month

Question 12

Acute stress disorder criteria

Answer 12

same as PTSD but less than one month

Question 13

Etiology PTSD

Answer 13

1. Genetic: elevated tendencies to develop and sustain conditioned fears.
2. Smaller hippocampus
3. Severity of trauma
4. Dissociative coping strategy

Question 14

Treatment of PTSD

Answer 14

1. SSRI’s
2. Exposure therapy
3. EMDR