Chapter 6

Question 1

Lifetime prevalence Panic Disorder

Answer 1

3.8%

Question 2

Prevalence Agoraphobia

Answer 2

0.9%

Question 3

Prevalence Specific phobia

Answer 3

7.9%

Question 4

Prevalence Social anxiety disorder

Answer 4

9.3%

Question 5

GAD Prevalence

Answer 5

4.5%

Question 6

Anxiety disorder Prevalence

Answer 6

19.6%

Question 7

Specific Phobia Criteria

Answer 7

1. Disproportionate fear consistently triggered by specific object or situation
2. Object or situation is avoided or endured with extreme anxiety

Question 8

Social Anxiety disorder criteria

Answer 8

1. Disproportionate fear triggered by potential social scrutiny
2. exposure to trigger leads to intense anxiety about negative evaluation
3. trigger situations are avoided

Question 9

Panic disorder criteria

Answer 9

1. Recurrent unexpected panic attacks

2. at least 1 month of concern about possibility of another attack.

Question 10

Agoraphobia criteria

Answer 10

1. Disproportionate fear about at least 2 situations where it would be difficult to escape.
2. situations consistently provoke fear.
3. situations are avoided or require companion.

Question 11

GAD criteria

Answer 11

1. Excessive worry for at least 50% of all days about a number of things
2. hard to control worry
3. worry is associated with 3 of the following: restlessness, fatigue, concentration issues, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance

Question 12

Reasons why women develop anxiety disorders more

Answer 12

1. Women report symptoms more
2. Gender roles
3. Difficult life circumstances
4. Men raised to believe in their personal control over situation

Question 13

Mowrer two factor model

Answer 13

1. Classical conditioning creates fear

2. Operant conditioning reinforces fear

Question 14

Criticisms of Mowrer model

Answer 14

1. Many people don’t remember exposure to threatening event that triggered symptoms
2. Not all people develop disorder after threatening event
3. Why more fears of certain stimuli

Question 15

Rebuttal to Mowrer model criticism

Answer 15

1. Can be conditioned through modelling or verbal instruction
2. People with anxiety disorders acquire fears more easily.
3. Prepared learning
4. Previous positive experiences

Question 16

Cognitive factors in developing AD

Answer 16

1. Sustained negative beliefs about future
2. Perceived lack of control
3. Attention to threat
4. Intolerance of uncertainty

Question 17

Etiology Specific phobia

Answer 17

1. Mowrer model

2. Prepared learning.

Question 18

Etiology Social anxiety disorder

Answer 18

1. Mowrer model
2. focus on negative self evaluation.
3. attending more to internal cues

Question 19

Etiology Panic disorder

Answer 19

1. dramatic response to surge of norepinephrine
2. Interoceptive conditioning: panic attack becomes conditioned response to somatic symptoms
3. Misinterpretation of bodily sensations

Question 20

Etiology Agoraphobia

Answer 20

1. genetic vulnerability
2. Life event
3. Fear of fear hypothesis: driven by negative thoughts about experiencing anxiety in public

Question 21

Etiology of GAD

Answer 21

Contrast avoidance model: highly aversive to rapid changes in mood

Question 22

Treatments of AD

Answer 22

1. CBT, Exposure
2. Relaxation training
3. medications such as benzo’s and antidepressants