Chapter 7 1/3

Question 1

learning

Answer 1

process by which experience produces relatively enduring change in an organism’s behaviour or capabilities

Question 2

habituation

Answer 2

decrease in strength of response to repeated stimulus

Question 3

sensitization

Answer 3

increase in the strength of response to a repeated stimulus ex. loud tone is sounded, organism with be startled

Question 4

acquisition

Answer 4

the period during which a response is learned

Question 5

forward-short delay pairing

Answer 5

the CS(tone) appears first and is still present when the UCS(food) appears

Question 6

forward trace pairing

Answer 6

optimal for CS to appear no more than 2-3sec before the UCS, impending arrival

Question 7

extinction

Answer 7

CS is presented repeatedly in absense of the UCS, CR weakens

Question 8

spontaneous recovery

Answer 8

the reappearance of a previously extinguished CR after a rest period and without new learning trials

Question 9

stimulus generalization

Answer 9

stimulus similar to the initial CS elicit a CR

Question 10

discrimination

Answer 10

classical con, when a CR(alarm reaction) occurs to one stimulus (sound) but not to others

Question 11

high-order conditioning

Answer 11

neutral stimulus becomes a CS after being paired w an already established CS, CR response is weaker and extinguishes more rapidly than original CR

Question 12

exposure therapy

Answer 12

goal is to expose the phobic patient to the feared stimulus (CS) w/o any UCS, allowing extinction to occur

Question 13

aversion therapy

Answer 13

attempts to condition an aversion(repulsion) to a stimulus that triggers unwanted behaviour by pairing it w a noxious UCS

Question 14

elicited response

Answer 14

automatically triggered by some stimulus

Question 15

emitted (voluntary) responses

Answer 15

learned in a diff way

Question 16

instrumental learning

Answer 16

organism’s behaviour is instrumental in bringing about certain outcomes

Question 17

law of effect

Answer 17

in a given situation, a reponse followed by a “satisfying” consequence will become more likely to occur, and a response followed by an unsatisfying outcome will become less likely to occur

Question 18

operant conditioning

Answer 18

type of learning in which behaviour is favourable consequences tend to be repeated, whereas responses that produce unfavourable consequences becomes less likely to occur

Question 19

antecedents

Answer 19

stimuli present before a behaviour occurs

Question 20

behaviours

Answer 20

the organism emits

Question 21

consequences

Answer 21

follow the behavior