Chapter 68 Vocab

Question 1

Autonomic Dysreflexia

Answer 1

A life-threatening emergency in spinal cord injury patients that causes a hypertensive emergency; also called autonomic hyperreflexia

Question 2

Brain Injury

Answer 2

An injury to the skull or brain that is severe enough to interfere with normal functioning

Question 3

Brain Injury, Closed (Blunt)

Answer 3

Occurs when the head accelerates and then rapidly decelerates or collides with another object and brain tissue is damaged, but there is no opening through the skull and dura

Question 4

Brain Injury, Open

Answer 4

Occurs when an object penetrates the skull, enters the brain, and damages the soft brain tissue in its path (penetrating injury), or when blunt trauma to the head is so severe that it opens the scalp, skull, and dura to expose the brain

Question 5

Complete Spinal Cord Lesion

Answer 5

A condition that involves total loss of sensation and voluntary muscle control below the lesion

Question 6

Concussion

Answer 6

A temporary loss of neurologic function with no apparent structural damage to the brain

Question 7

Contusion

Answer 7

Bruising of the brain surface

Question 8

Halo Vest

Answer 8

A lightweight vest with an attached halo that stabilizes the cervical spine

Question 9

Incomplete Spinal Cord Lesion

Answer 9

A condition in which there is preservation of the sensory or motor fibers, or both, below the lesion

Question 10

Neurogenic Bladder

Answer 10

Bladder dysfunction that results from a disorder or dysfunction of the nervous system; may result in either urinary retention or bladder overactivity

Question 11

Paraplegia

Answer 11

Paralysis of the lower extremities with dysfunction of the bowel and bladder from a lesion in the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral region of the spinal cord

Question 12

Primary Injury

Answer 12

Initial damage to the brain that results from the traumatic event

Question 13

Secondary Injury

Answer 13

An insult to the brain subsequent to the original traumatic event

Question 14

Spinal Cord Injury

Answer 14

An injury to the spinal cord, vertebral column, supporting soft tissue, or intervertebral disks caused by trauma

Question 15

Tetraplegia

Answer 15

Paralysis of both arms and legs, with dysfunction of bowel and bladder from a lesion of the cervical segments of the spinal cord; formerly called quadriplegia

Question 16

Transection

Answer 16

Severing of the spinal cord itself; transection can be complete (all the way through the cord) or incomplete (partially through)