Chapter 33 Vocab

Question 1

Absolute Neutrophil Count

Answer 1

A calculation of the number of circulating neutrophils, derived from the total white blood cells (WBCs) and the percentage of neutrophils counted in a microscope’s visual field

Question 2

Anemia

Answer 2

Decreased RBC count

Question 3

Angular Cheilosis

Answer 3

Cracking sore at corner of mouth

Question 4

Aplasia

Answer 4

Lack of cellular development (e.g., of cells within the bone marrow)

Question 5

Cytokines

Answer 5

Proteins produced by leukocytes that are vital to regulation of hematopoiesis, apoptosis, and immune responses

Question 6

D-Dimer

Answer 6

Test to measure fibrin breakdown; considered more specific than fibrin degradation products in the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 7

Erythrocyte

Answer 7

A cellular component of blood involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide; (synonym: red blood cell [RBC])

Question 8

Erythroid Cells

Answer 8

Any cell that is or will bcome a mature RBC

Question 9

Erythropoietin

Answer 9

Hormone produced primarily by the kidney; necessary for erythropoiesis

Question 10

Haptoglobin

Answer 10

Blood protein synthesized by liver; binds free hemoglobin released from erythrocytes, which is then removed by the reticuloendothelial system

Question 11

Hemolysis

Answer 11

Destruction of RBCs; can occur within or outside of the vasculature

Question 12

Hemosiderin

Answer 12

Iron-containing pigment derived from breakdown of hemoglobin

Question 13

Hypochromia

Answer 13

Pallor within the RBC caused by decreased hemoglobin content

Question 14

Leukemia

Answer 14

Uncontrolled proliferation of WBCs, often immature

Question 15

Lymphopenia

Answer 15

A lymphocyte count less than 1,500/mm3

Question 16

Megaloblastic Anemia

Answer 16

A type of anemia characterized by the presence of abnormally large, nucleated RBCs

Question 17

Microcytosis

Answer 17

Smaller-than-normal RBCs

Question 18

Neutropenia

Answer 18

Lower-than-normal number of neutrophils

Question 19

Normochromic

Answer 19

Normal RBC color, indicating normal amount of hemoglobin

Question 20

Normocytic

Answer 20

Normal size of RBC

Question 21

Oxyhemoglobin

Answer 21

Combined form of oxygen and hemoglobin; found in arterial blood

Question 22

Pancytopenia

Answer 22

Abnormal decrease in WBCs, RBCs, and platelets

Question 23

Petechiae

Answer 23

Tiny capillary hemorrhages

Question 24

Poikilocytocis

Answer 24

Variation in shape of RBCs

Question 25

Polycythemia

Answer 25

Excess RBCs

Question 26

Reticulocytes

Answer 26

Slightly immature RBCs, usually only 1% of total circulating RBCs

Question 27

Spherocytes

Answer 27

Small, spherically shaped erythrocytes

Question 28

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 28

Lower-than-normal platelet count

Question 29

Thrombocytosis

Answer 29

Higher-than-normal platelet count