Chapter 63 Vocab

Question 1

Accomodation

Answer 1

Process by which the lens of the eye adjusts the focal length to focus a clear image on the retina

Question 2

Anterior Chamber

Answer 2

Aqueous-containing space in the eye between the posterior cornea and the anterior iris and pupil

Question 3

Aqueous Humor

Answer 3

Transparent nutrient-containing fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye

Question 4

Astigmatism

Answer 4

Refractive error due to an irregularity in the curvature of the cornea

Question 5

Binocular Vision

Answer 5

Normal ability of both eyes to focus on one object and fuse the two images into one

Question 6

Blindness

Answer 6

Inability to see, defined as corrected visual acuity of 20/400 or less, or a visual field of no more than 20 degrees in the better eye

Question 7

Bullous Keratopathy

Answer 7

Corneal edema with painful blisters in the epithelium due to corneal endothelial dysfunction

Question 8

Chemosis

Answer 8

Edema of the conjunctiva

Question 9

Diplopia

Answer 9

Seeing one object as two; double vision

Question 10

Ectropion

Answer 10

Turning out of the lower eyelid

Question 11

Emmetropia

Answer 11

Normal refractive condition resulting in clear focus on retina; no optional defects

Question 12

Endophthalmitis

Answer 12

Intraocular infection

Question 13

Entroption

Answer 13

Turning in of the lower eyelid

Question 14

Enucleation

Answer 14

Removal of the eyeball and part of the optic nerve

Question 15

Evisceration

Answer 15

Removal of the intraocular contents through a corneal or scleral incision

The optic nerve, sclera, extraocular muscles, and sometimes the cornea are left intact

Question 16

Exenteration

Answer 16

Surgical removal of the entire contents of the orbit, surrounding soft tissue, and most or all of the eyelids

Question 17

Hyperemia

Answer 17

Red eyes resulting from the dilation of the vasculature of the conjunctiva

Question 18

Hyperopia

Answer 18

Farsightedness; light rays focus behind the retina

Question 19

Hyphema

Answer 19

Blood in the anterior chamber

Question 20

Hypopyon

Answer 20

Collection of inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber of the eye

Question 21

Injection

Answer 21

Congestion of blood vessels

Question 22

Keratoconus

Answer 22

Cone-shaped deformity of the cornea

Question 23

Miotics

Answer 23

Medications that cause constriction of the pupil

Question 24

Mydriatics

Answer 24

Medications that cause dilation of the pupil

Question 25

Myopia

Answer 25

Nearsightedness; light rays focus in front of the retina

Question 26

Neovascularization

Answer 26

Growth of abnormal new blood vessels

Question 27

Nystagmus

Answer 27

Involuntary oscillation of the eyeball

Question 28

Papilledema

Answer 28

Swelling of the optic disc usually due to increased intracranial pressure

Question 29

Photophobia

Answer 29

Ocular pain on exposure to light

Question 30

Proptosis/Exophthalmos

Answer 30

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball

Question 31

Ptosis

Answer 31

Drooping eyelid

Question 32

Refraction

Answer 32

Determination of the refractive errors of the eye for the purpose of vision correction

Question 33

Scotomas

Answer 33

Blind or partially blind areas in the visual field

Question 34

Sympathetic Ophthalmia

Answer 34

An inflammatory condition created in the fellow eye by the affected eye

Question 35

Trachoma

Answer 35

An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis

Leading cause of preventable blindness in the world

Question 36

Trichiasis

Answer 36

Turning in of the eyelashes

Question 37

Vitreous Humor

Answer 37

Transparent, colorless gelatinous material that fills the vitreous chamber behind the lens