Chapter 6 Voice Disorders

Question 1

Edema

Answer 1

Voca fold tissues become swollen

Question 2

aphonia

Answer 2

a complete loss of voice

Question 3

harsh (voice)

Answer 3

associated with excessive muscle tension; the vocal folds are pressed together tightly with a quick release during each cycle of vibration, the walls are tightened to amplify the high-frequency components of the voice

Question 4

breathy (voice)

Answer 4

produced with a partial whisper. vocal production in which the vocal folds do not completely touch each other during vibration; resulting in excess air escaping through the glottis

Question 5

hoarse (voice)

Answer 5

phonation that sounds both harsh and breathy. Hoarseness results from irregular vocal fold vibrations.

Question 6

atrophy

Answer 6

withering or wasting away of tissues or organs

Question 7

hyperfuntion

Answer 7

excessive forcing and straining that usually occurs at the level of the vocal folds but also may occur at various points along the vocal tract

Question 8

hypofunction

Answer 8

reduced vocal capacity resulting from prolonged overuse, muscle fatigue, tissue irritation, or general laryngeal or specific problems relating to the opening and closing of the glottis; characterized by air loss and sometimes hoarseness and pitch breaks

Question 9

diplophonia

Answer 9

a “two-toned” voice resulting from simultaneous vibration of two structures with differing vibratory frequencies

Question 10

dysphonia

Answer 10

disturbed muscle tone

Question 11

metastasize

Answer 11

to spread or invade by metastasis, usually from cancer

Question 12

dyspnea

Answer 12

difficult or labored breathing, shortness of breath

Question 13

stroboscopy

Answer 13

a slow motion video image of vocal fold vibration

Question 14

visi-pitch

Answer 14

an instrument used by SLP that displays pitch, amplitude, and spectral characteristics of speech production

Question 15

laryngectomy

Answer 15

surgical removal of larynx

Question 16

stoma

Answer 16

a small opening, such as the mouth; an artificial opening between cavities or canals or between such and surface of the body

Question 17

laryngectomee

Answer 17

one who has undergone an larynegectomy

Question 18

esophageal speech

Answer 18

a laryngeal speech in which the air supply for phonation originates in the upper portion of the esophagus, with the pharyngoesophageal segment functioning as a neoglottis

Question 19

neoglottis

Answer 19

vibratory segment or area that functions for vocal phonation in the absence of the glottis following surgical removal of the larynx

Question 20

pseudoglottis

Answer 20

vibratory segment or area that functions for vocal phonation in the absence of the glottis; neoglottis

Question 21

pharyngeal-esophageal (PE) segment

Answer 21

pharyngoesophageal junction; another name for the neoglottis