Chapter 2

Question 1

American Sign Language

Answer 1

The language of the Deaf community in the U.S. ASL has its won set of phonological, morphological, semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic conventions that differ from those of spoken english.

Question 2

Attempt

Answer 2

In an episode, information about the actions that the main character takes to achieve his or her goal.

Question 3

Babbling

Answer 3

Prespeech vocalizations

Question 4

Bound Morphemes

Answer 4

A morpheme that cannot stand alone as a seperate word. For ex: adding s to end of birdS, jump to jumpED, run to runnING

Question 5

Canonical babbling

Answer 5

Around the age of 7 monts, infants stat to use their voice to make syllable-like strings

Question 6

Communication

Answer 6

any exchange of meaning , whether intended or unintended

Question 7

Consequence

Answer 7

In a narrative episode, information about the outcomes of the main character’s actions in relationship to the initiating event.

Question 8

Episode

Answer 8

A part of the story that consists of an initiating event, attempt, and consequence. Episodes may also contain internal responses, plans, and reactions/endings.

Question 9

Expression jargon

Answer 9

Babbling in a adult-like intonation patter. Sequences of syllables sound like statements or questions, but they contain few real words.

Question 10

Free morpheme

Answer 10

A morpheme that can stand alone as a word.

Question 11

Genre

Answer 11

A literary style (narration, description, persusion, mystery, horror, fairy tale)

Question 12

Idiom

Answer 12

an expression that can have both a literal and a figurative interpretation for ex: skating on thin ice

Question 13

Initiating event

Answer 13

Background information about the event that propels the main character into action. For ex: usually a problem

Question 14

Language

Answer 14

a standardized set of symbols and the conventions for combining those symbols into words, phrases, sentences, and texts for the purpose of communication thoughts and feelings.

Question 15

Language content

Answer 15

The meaning of an utterance or word. Content relates to the linguistic system of semantics.

Question 16

Language form

Answer 16

The structure of language. Form relates to the linguistic terms of phonology, morphology, and syntax.

Question 17

language use

Answer 17

Choices that speakers, signers, and writers make about the words and sentences structures that will best express their intended meanings.

Question 18

Lexicon

Answer 18

A mental dictionary of words.

Question 19

Manner of Articulation

Answer 19

The amount and type of constriction during the production of phonemes.

Question 20

metaphor

Answer 20

Expressions in which words that usually designate one thing are used to designate another

Question 21

Morphology

Answer 21

The part of grammar that concerns the study of morphemes (the smallest unit of meaning)

Question 22

Phoneme

Answer 22

A speech sound that can change meaning.

Question 23

Phonological awareness

Answer 23

A type of metalinguistc awareness. Knowledge of the sequence of sounds that make up words.

Question 24

Phonological processes

Answer 24

Simiplifications of adult-like productions of words. Some of the more common processes are weak syllable deletion. , final consonant deletion, and velar fronting. Descriptions of variations in the way sounds are produced whey they co-occur with other sounds.

Question 25

Phonology

Answer 25

The study of organization of sounds: language rules that govern how sounds are combined to create words.

Question 26

Place of articulation

Answer 26

The place of construction during the production of phonemes.

Question 27

Pragmatics

Answer 27

Conventions related to the use of language in various speaking situations

Question 28

reduplicated babbling

Answer 28

Babbling sequences in which the same syllable is repeated.

Question 29

semantics

Answer 29

the meaning of individual words or the meanings that are expressed when words are joined together.

Question 30

setting

Answer 30

In a narrative, background information about the characters, the place where the story occurs, or the time of the story.

Question 31

story grammar

Answer 31

conventions for the ways in which meanings are sequenced to form a story

Question 32

syllable

Answer 32

a basic unit of speech production that must contain a vowel.

Question 33

syntax

Answer 33

conventions related to the way words are ordered to create sentences.

Question 34

variegated babbling

Answer 34

babbled sequences in which the syllable content varies

Question 35

voicing

Answer 35

vibration of the vocal folds during the production of a phoneme.