Chapter 6 Underactive/ Overactive Flashcards
during a static postural assessment, a personal trainer observes that a client has protracted shoulders and a forward head, which of the following muscles is most likely to be shortened
sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis minor
what are the kinetic checkpoints for a lateral view OHS assessment
shoulder complex, lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, and cervical complex
what is pronation distortion syndrome and what kind of muscle imbalance and pain can it cause?
characterized by excessive foot pronation (flat feet) with concomitant knee internal rotation and adduction.
Can lead to pain in leading to foot and ankle, knee, hip, and low back pain
what are the shortened muscles of pronation distortion system?
gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneals, adductors, IT band, hip flexor complex, biceps femoris (short head)
what are the lengthened muscles of pronation distortion syndrome?
anterior tibialis, posterior tibialis, gluteus maximus, gluteus medias
during the anterior view of the OHS, what kind of signs for muscle imbalance are you looking for?
the knees moving outward or inward
when the feet turn outward during the OHS what are the overactive muscles, and what is this imbalance usually indicative of?
tight muscles on the outside of the leg
overactive muscles:
overactive soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, and biceps femoris (short head)
if your client has overactive muscles, what should you do?
stretch them more before and after exercise
if your client has underactive muscles, what should you do?
strengthen the muscles
what are the underactive muscles if the feet are turning outward during the anterior view of the OHS?
MEDIAL (close to the mid line of the body)
medial gastrocnemius, medial hamstring complex, hip muscles such as, gracilis, sartorius, and popliteus
when performing the OHS with correct form, what do the knees look like?
knees should be directly over the third toe
if the knees collapse inwards while a client is performing the OHS, where does this muscle imbalance usually occur?
at the hips, abductor group, adductor group, and the inside muscles
what are the overactive muscles when the knees collapse inwards?
adductor group (inside), biceps femoris, hip muscles drive the knees inwards: tensor fascia latae, and vastus lateralis
what are the underactive muscles when the knees collapse inwards?
glute maximus, glute medius, and vastus medialis
