Chapter 6 - The Attempts To Establish A Constitutional Monarchy

Question 1

Church reforms

5 points

Answer 1

1. All Church property becomes state property (nationalised)
2. Abuses such as pluralism abolished
3. Clergy paid by the state instead of collecting the tithe
4. Monastic orders that didn’t provide education/charity work suppressed
5. Protestants given full civil rights

Question 2

Judicial reforms

Answer 2

All previous courts replaced by one uniform system:

• a justice of peace in each canton
• trial by July
• torture and mutilation abolished
• justice free and equal for all

Question 3

Taxation reforms

Answer 3

Everyone had to pay:

• all liable to pay land tax and tax on commercial profits
• only ‘active citizens’ paid tax on moveable goods (ie. grain)

Question 4

Political and administrative reforms

Answer 4

France divided into 83 departments for elections and local gov/

• these further divided into districts, cantons and communes
• run by elected councils

Question 5

How did Political and administrative reforms prevent a royal response?

Answer 5

• gave more power given to local areas to protect against a royal recovery of power

Question 6

How did the clergy respond to church reforms?

Answer 6

Accepted the reforms, but disliked the fact Catholicism no longer official religion of France

Question 7

When was the Civil constitution of the clergy?

Answer 7

12 July 1790

Question 8

Civil constitution of the clergy

What was it?

Answer 8

• Bishop’s dioceses reorganised to coincide with 83 new departments
• all other clerical positions, apart from parish priests, removed
• appointment of clerical post = by election

Question 9

Response to civil constitution of clergy

3 points

Answer 9

• many clergy opposed this
• but their call for a church synod was denied
• had to wait for judgement from the Pope

Question 10

The Clerical Oath

When was it?
What was it?

Answer 10

27 November 1790

• Deputies required all Clergy to take an Oath to the Constitution

Question 11

Response to the Clerical Oath

Refractory clergy?

Answer 11

• Pope comes out against the reforms and 50% of clergy refuse to take Oath (refractory clergy)
• refractory clergy removed from their posts

Question 12

Public response to the Clerical Oath

Answer 12

Many devout catholics in France (eg. Louis)
Caused a clash between their religion and the revolution
Resulted in a significant number of people opposing the revolution

Question 13

Economic and social change

Answer 13

• Deputies believed in laissez-faire