Chapter 22 - The Control Of The Grand Empire Flashcards
How do Napoleon aim to ‘share the French experience’ across the Empire?
(3 poitns)
> destroying privelage
applying Napoleonic Legal Codes
concentrating power into a central administration
How was the Empore controlled?
Imperial Bureaucracy: > prefects > sub-prefects > tax collectors > customs officers > police commissaires > gendarmes
What were the pays renuis?
2 points
> the inner empire
> well integrated with a loyal administration
What were the pays allies?
3 points
> the outer empire
the less well integrated and more hostile to French Rule
governed by French officials
What system was the administration of France organised into?
A Three Tier system
Who was the Emperor?
> Napoleon was the first and only emperor of the empire
When was the Empire officially established?
12 May 1804
What benefits did areas in the Empire gain?
Revolutionary principles: > end to feudalism > concordat > Napoleonic Codes > tax demands > french administration system > dotations
What were dotations?
3 points
> gifts of areas of land seized from conquered enemies / of revenue from that land, given to those loyal to Napoleon
recipient had to enforce Napoleonic rule on area but could collect taxes from the area
taken from Church or ex-rulers of land
What was the problem with dotations?
> excellent idea to inspire loyalty
reality was they were a huge drain on local enomonies
(Duchy of Warsaw lost 20% revenue in dotations)
Who did Napoleon place to control his empire and was this successful?
(4 points)
> Napoleon had placed his own family and officers in charge of the areas he had conquered
varied greatly in their loyalty
sometimes more interested in their new land than in aiding their patron (who gave them everything)
most of Napoleon’s appointments were poor local leaders (exasperated him in search for control)
Example of a leader who aimed to be successful and when?
3 points
> Beauharnais genuinely wanted liberal reforms and to be loved by their new state
created a stable, loyal, balanced government in Italy and was popular
however, Napoleon prevented him from doing more
Example of leaders who were not so successful?
3 points
> Murat and Joseph failed with the Continental System in Naples
Louis in Holland rejected much of his brother’s demands and was ousted from power by an angry Napoleon
Joseph in Spain was UNBELIEVABLY ineffectual
What was the Pays Renuis made up of?
4 points
> land governed by Paris admin
included France of natural borders and the states subsumed into the government
was directly under the control of the empire/Napoleon
130 departments by 1811
What was the Pays Conquis made up of?
4 points
> conquered areas but independent from centralised France
controlled by people appointed by Napoleon
purpose was to buffer France from attack
came under more control as the empire developed
What was the Pays Allies made up of?
3 points
> fully independant
states were bought (unwillingly) under N’s control
taken over for a shower time and only controlled for that short time (sometimes enemies + unhappy allies)
When was the end of the Holy Roman Empire?
1806
Which of the tiers in the tier system was most effective?
1) Pays Renuis = fully controlled and centralised
2) Pays Conquis = partly controlled but separated from total French control. Also, leaders appointed by N not always loyal to France
3) Pays Allies = separate from France. Bought for short period to unite against a common enemy and largely unwilling. Never centralised.
What was a visceroy?
> diplomat and the most senior official of that area of Empire
not a ruler themselves, just take orders from N
When was the Third Coalition formed?
> 1805
What was the aim of the empire?
What did this mean for states of the empire
> to benefit France (policy of ‘France first’)
rigorous tax collection / dismantled guild system / internal customs barriers / had to pay heavily for ‘French Protection’
