Chapter 10 - Internal and External War

Question 1

When was the first coalition formed?

Answer 1

Early 1793

Question 2

Who were the members of the First Coalition?

7 countries

Answer 2

> Austria
> Britain
> Holland
> Portugal
> Prussia
> Sardinia
> Spain

Question 3

What was the problem of the First Coalition for France?

3 points

Answer 3

> France was attacked on all sides by the First Coalition
British, Austrian and Spanish troops were on French soil quickly in 1793
fears that Austrians would march on Paris

Question 4

What were the two committees set up by the National Convention in early 1793?

Answer 4

1) The CPS (Committee of Public Safety)

2) The CGS (Committee of General Security)

Question 5

When was the CPS created?
What was it?
How many people did it consist of?
How did it function?

Answer 5

> 6 April 1793
Committee created to co-ordinate the war effort
9 members
members elected monthly by the Convention. They met in secret, supervised activities of ministers/government, passed decrees relating to ‘general defence’, reported weekly to the convention

Question 6

Key people related to the CPS:

Answer 6

> Initially dominated by Danton
Robespierre initially declined to be elected
Carnot responsible for war strategy and personel

Question 7

What was the CGS composed of?

What was its function?

Answer 7

> composed of 12 deputies
Function was to:
oversee state security (ie. police)
prosecute foreign agents / counterfeit assignats
report regularly to the National Convention

Question 8

What triggered the rising in the vendee?

Answer 8

The introduction of conscription in March 1793.

Question 9

How did the rising in the Vendee escalate?

Answer 9

> began as some small riots

> by end of March, an army of 20,000 rebels controlled the Vendee

Question 10

What were the motivation of the rebels in the Vendee?

4 points

Answer 10

> Royalism
resistance to conscription
loyalty to the Catholic Church
local loyalties