CHAPTER 6 TEST REVIEW INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Question 1

what are 2 layers of integument?

Answer 1

2 LAYERS OF INTEGUMENT

1.Epidermis- outer layer waterproof barrier

2. dermis- conatines connective tissue,hair follicles,blood vessels,lymphatic vessels and sweat glands

Question 2

what are 5 layers of epidermis?

Answer 2

1. startum corneum
   2.stratum lucidum(thick skin)
   3.stratum granulosum
   4.stratum spinosum
2. stratum basale

Question 3

cells found in the epidermis layers?

Answer 3

KERATINOCYTES

Question 4

what are the Integumentary layers?

Answer 4

layers of integumentary system
1. Epidermis
2.Dermis

Question 5

what layer is not part of the integumentary system?

Answer 5

hypodermis (subcutaneous system)
NOT part of integumentary system

Question 6

Stratum basale contains what cells?

Answer 6

Stratum basale 3 cell types
1.keratinocytes- synthesize keratin
2.melanocytes- produce melanin
3.tactile cell(merkel cells)- merke;l marca touch

Question 7

stratum spinosum contain which cells?

Answer 7

cells in stratum spinosum

1.dermosomes- membrane junctions
2.lengerhans cells- immune response

Question 8

What occurs in the stratum corneum?

Answer 8

keratinization- process to harden and form a shell
non living protective covering over body

Question 9

Stratum lucidum characteristics?

Answer 9

stratum lucidum contains
transliuscent protein- eleidin

found in thick skin
-plams
-soles feet

Question 10

Stratum corneum characteristics?

Answer 10

superficial top startum layer
20-30 layers of dead keratinized cells

dead cells are anucleate( ah nu cleate - no nucleaus)

Question 11

what is Keratinization?

Answer 11

process of cells forming fibrils of keratin

cells harden( shell like) protective covering

Question 12

thick and thin skin differences?

Answer 12

thick skin-
2 layers(epidermis&dermis)
-all 5 layers of strata
-in palms and soles
-sweat glands
-NO hair follicle glands
-NO SUBEACEOUS-NO OIL
-YES SEBASEOUS GLANDS SWETA!
thin skin-
- 1 layer(epidermis)
-NO 5 LAYERS
-NO stratum lucidum
-covers most body
-contains hair follicle glands
-SEBACEOUS GLANDS(OIL)
-SWEAT GLANDS (SWEAT)

Question 13

how many melanin types and names?

Answer 13

melanin 2 types
1. eumelanin- black & brown shades
2.pheomelanin- lighter shades, tan,yellow and red

Question 14

Hemoglobin function?

Answer 14

provides oxygen to blood
gives skin redish hue

Question 15

Albimism?

Answer 15

Melanocytes produce NO MELANIN

Question 16

Carotene comes from where?

Answer 16

carotene found in
- vegetables
-yellow orange pigment

Question 17

Dermis layers?

Answer 17

Dermis 2 layers

1.papillary dermis- thin upper layer
2.reticular dermis- thick lower layer

Question 18

what are skin functions for hypodermis(lowest layer)?

Answer 18

Hpodermis- NOT integumentary part
function- protection,energy& insulation

Question 19

how many functions does skin have and what are the function?

Answer 19

skin functions 8
1. protect of environment(uv radiation, substance, injury,microbes)

2. prevent water loss/gain- water resistant NOT proof

3.regulate temp- vasoconstriction(constrict heat)
vasodilation(release heat)

4.Immune function- initiate immune response

5. vitamin d Syntheis- form vit D calcitrol

6.Secretion- waste product secrete on skin in sweating

7.Absorption- skin absorps some subsatnces(selectively permeable)

tansdermal administration-ingredients administereda across skin(patches)

8.sensory- receptors detect stimuli(touch,pressure)

Question 20

what cells are contained in subcutaneou(hypodermis layer) ?

Answer 20

Hypodermis(subcutaneous deris)
cells

-FAT CELLS (ADIPOCYTES)
they store energy

Question 21

what influences thickness and distribution of adipose tissue in hypodermis?

Answer 21

Adipose tissue thickness and distribution influenced by

sexual maturation

Question 22

3 zones of hair?

Answer 22

3 zones of hair

1.hair bulb(in dermis) surrounds hair papilla
2.Root- from bulb to surface skin
3.Shaft- hair beyond skin surface

Question 23

what are the Hair components?

Answer 23

6 Hair components

1. hair matrix- base of hair bulb new cells produced, epithelial cells divide

2.Medulla- flexible soft keratin

3.Cortex- flattened cells close to hair surface

4.Cuticle- single cell layer around cortex

5. hair follicle- connective tissue root sheath

6.Arrector pili-thin smooth muscle
responsable for goosebumps elevates hair with contraction

Question 24

Functions of hair?

Answer 24

4 Hair Functions

1.protection- head, from injury and sunburn

2.Heat retention-

3.Sensorry Reception- plexus detect light touch

4.Visual identification- determine age and sex

Question 25

how many Exocrine glands? names?

Answer 25

2 Types of Exocrine Glands

1.Sweat glands
2.Sebaceous glands

Question 26

How many types of Sweat Glands and names?

Answer 26

2 types of Sweat Glands

1.Merocrine(sweat glands)-sweat duct &pore
2.Apocrine(sweat gland)-sweay duct& pore

Question 27

Merocrine (sweat gland) role & characteristics

Answer 27

Meroccrine (sweat glands)

-most numerous
-SECRETE SWEAT
-MAJOR ROLE- THERMOREGULATION

Question 28

name Apocrine(sweat glands) role & charcteristics?

Answer 28

Apocrine glands

-Discharge secretions in hair follicle
in axillae,nipples,pupbic and anal region

-prodeuce secretion by (exocytosis

-produce odor with bacteria

Question 29

Sebaceous Glands examples

Answer 29

Sebaceous Glands
-Holocrine glands
-produce oil(sebum) secretions

Question 30

Ceruminous Glands

Answer 30

Ceruminous Glands
ex: cerumen(ear wax)

Question 31

Mammary Glands?

Answer 31

Mamary Glands
-ONLY function in pregnant & lactating females

-produce breast milk