CHAPTER 6 TEST REVIEW INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards
what are 2 layers of integument?
2 LAYERS OF INTEGUMENT
1.Epidermis- outer layer waterproof barrier
- dermis- conatines connective tissue,hair follicles,blood vessels,lymphatic vessels and sweat glands
what are 5 layers of epidermis?
- startum corneum
2.stratum lucidum(thick skin)
3.stratum granulosum
4.stratum spinosum - stratum basale
cells found in the epidermis layers?
KERATINOCYTES
what are the Integumentary layers?
layers of integumentary system
1. Epidermis
2.Dermis
what layer is not part of the integumentary system?
hypodermis (subcutaneous system)
NOT part of integumentary system
Stratum basale contains what cells?
Stratum basale 3 cell types
1.keratinocytes- synthesize keratin
2.melanocytes- produce melanin
3.tactile cell(merkel cells)- merke;l marca touch
stratum spinosum contain which cells?
cells in stratum spinosum
1.dermosomes- membrane junctions
2.lengerhans cells- immune response
What occurs in the stratum corneum?
keratinization- process to harden and form a shell
non living protective covering over body
Stratum lucidum characteristics?
stratum lucidum contains
transliuscent protein- eleidin
found in thick skin
-plams
-soles feet
Stratum corneum characteristics?
superficial top startum layer
20-30 layers of dead keratinized cells
dead cells are anucleate( ah nu cleate - no nucleaus)
what is Keratinization?
process of cells forming fibrils of keratin
cells harden( shell like) protective covering
thick and thin skin differences?
thick skin-
2 layers(epidermis&dermis)
-all 5 layers of strata
-in palms and soles
-sweat glands
-NO hair follicle glands
-NO SUBEACEOUS-NO OIL
-YES SEBASEOUS GLANDS SWETA!
thin skin-
- 1 layer(epidermis)
-NO 5 LAYERS
-NO stratum lucidum
-covers most body
-contains hair follicle glands
-SEBACEOUS GLANDS(OIL)
-SWEAT GLANDS (SWEAT)
how many melanin types and names?
melanin 2 types
1. eumelanin- black & brown shades
2.pheomelanin- lighter shades, tan,yellow and red
Hemoglobin function?
provides oxygen to blood
gives skin redish hue
Albimism?
Melanocytes produce NO MELANIN
Carotene comes from where?
carotene found in
- vegetables
-yellow orange pigment
Dermis layers?
Dermis 2 layers
1.papillary dermis- thin upper layer
2.reticular dermis- thick lower layer
what are skin functions for hypodermis(lowest layer)?
Hpodermis- NOT integumentary part
function- protection,energy& insulation
how many functions does skin have and what are the function?
skin functions 8
1. protect of environment(uv radiation, substance, injury,microbes)
- prevent water loss/gain- water resistant NOT proof
3.regulate temp- vasoconstriction(constrict heat)
vasodilation(release heat)
4.Immune function- initiate immune response
- vitamin d Syntheis- form vit D calcitrol
6.Secretion- waste product secrete on skin in sweating
7.Absorption- skin absorps some subsatnces(selectively permeable)
tansdermal administration-ingredients administereda across skin(patches)
8.sensory- receptors detect stimuli(touch,pressure)
what cells are contained in subcutaneou(hypodermis layer) ?
Hypodermis(subcutaneous deris)
cells
-FAT CELLS (ADIPOCYTES)
they store energy
what influences thickness and distribution of adipose tissue in hypodermis?
Adipose tissue thickness and distribution influenced by
sexual maturation
3 zones of hair?
3 zones of hair
1.hair bulb(in dermis) surrounds hair papilla
2.Root- from bulb to surface skin
3.Shaft- hair beyond skin surface
what are the Hair components?
6 Hair components
- hair matrix- base of hair bulb new cells produced, epithelial cells divide
2.Medulla- flexible soft keratin
3.Cortex- flattened cells close to hair surface
4.Cuticle- single cell layer around cortex
- hair follicle- connective tissue root sheath
6.Arrector pili-thin smooth muscle
responsable for goosebumps elevates hair with contraction
Functions of hair?
4 Hair Functions
1.protection- head, from injury and sunburn
2.Heat retention-
3.Sensorry Reception- plexus detect light touch
4.Visual identification- determine age and sex
how many Exocrine glands? names?
2 Types of Exocrine Glands
1.Sweat glands
2.Sebaceous glands
How many types of Sweat Glands and names?
2 types of Sweat Glands
1.Merocrine(sweat glands)-sweat duct &pore
2.Apocrine(sweat gland)-sweay duct& pore
Merocrine (sweat gland) role & characteristics
Meroccrine (sweat glands)
-most numerous
-SECRETE SWEAT
-MAJOR ROLE- THERMOREGULATION
name Apocrine(sweat glands) role & charcteristics?
Apocrine glands
-Discharge secretions in hair follicle
in axillae,nipples,pupbic and anal region
-prodeuce secretion by (exocytosis
-produce odor with bacteria
Sebaceous Glands examples
Sebaceous Glands
-Holocrine glands
-produce oil(sebum) secretions
Ceruminous Glands
Ceruminous Glands
ex: cerumen(ear wax)
Mammary Glands?
Mamary Glands
-ONLY function in pregnant & lactating females
-produce breast milk
