Chapter 6 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards
where is the integumentary system found? provide examples?
covers body
skin
accessary tissues
EX: nails, hair ,skin,sweat glands, sebaceous glands
integument?
skin
dermatology
study of skin
Layers of skin ?
- Epidermis- epithelial
- dermis-deeper layer
- subcutaneous layer(hypodermis)-NOT PART OF INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
deep to dermis
Epidermis epithelium of the integument?
5 layers(strata) of integument
1. startum corneum
2. stratum lucidum
3.stratum granulosum
4,stratum spinosum
5. stratum basale
Keratinized, stratifies squamous epithelial
the 5 layers of the skin
LETS GET SUN BURNED
first 3 layers are composed of living keratinocytes
keratinocytes
make up 90 percents of epidermis
Three cell types in stratum basale
keratinocytes- in all layers
melanocytes- produce and store pigment
tactile cells- Merkel cells
Stratum spinosum
8-10 layers
have desmones
startum granulosum
3-5 layers of keratinocytes
keratinocytes begin keratinization
startum lucidum
found only in thick skin
palms and soles
cells filled with eleidin- product of keratin maturation
stratum corneum
20-30 layers of dead skin
anucleate (no nucleus), keratinized cells
anucleate
a- nu -cleate( a- no nucleus)
Variations in epidermis?
thick skin-palms , feet
have sweat glands
NO HAIR FOLLICLE
thin skin-
most of body ( except palms and feet)lacks stratum lucidum layer ( thats only in thibk skin)
Melanin?
2 melanin shades
Eumelanin- brown , black shades
pheomelanin-lighter shades tan, yellow red
phenomelanin
lighter shades,
tan
yellow
red
Eumelanin?
drake shades
brown
black
Dermis layers?
2 regions
1. superficial papillary
2.deeper reticular layers
subcutaneous layer(hypodermis)
NOT PART OF INTEGUMENTARY
function- protect, store energy, insulation
irFunctions of integumentary system
8 functions
1.protect from external envir.
2. prevent water loss
3. vit d synthesis
4.secretion
5.absorption
6.immune function
7.temperature regulation
8.sensory reception
3 zones hair length
hair bulb
root
shaft
Arrector pili
extends hair follicle to demal papillae
elevates hair with contraction
goosebumps
hair function?
functions
protection- sunburn & injury
heat retension
sensory reception
visual identification
types of sweat glands?
2 types
Merocrine - contain sweat duct
Apocrine- contain sweat duct
Merocrine (eccrine) sweat glands
function- secrete sweat
Major role- thermoregulation
Apocrine sweat glands
Produce exocytosis( secretion) into
hair follicles in axillae
nipples
pubic and anal region
produce odor due to bacteria
Sebaceous glands examples ?
Holocrine glands- produce sebum
NAIL STRUCTURES
free edge
nail body
nail root
nail bed
Repair and regeneration of integumentary system
2 types Regeneration or Fibrosis
Regeneration
-replace damageed or dead cells
-restores organ function
Fibrosis
-gap filled with scar tissue
-fibroblast produces collagen
function activities not restored
Stages of wound healing
4 stages
1. cut blood vessels bleed in wound
2.blood clot forms temp. barier
3.blood vessels-re-grow granulation tissue forms
4.epithelium regenerates & ct fibrosis occurs
