Chapter 6 Test Flashcards
1
Q
Triple Alliance
A
- Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed in 1882
2
Q
Triple Entente
A
- Alliance between France, Great Britain, and Russia formed in 1907
3
Q
Allied Powers
A
- France, Great Britain, Russia, Japan(joined in 1915), Italy(joined in 1915), Romania(joined in 1916)
4
Q
Central Powers
A
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria(joined in 1915), Ottoman Empire(joined in 1915)
5
Q
Gavrilo Principe
A
- Arguably started the war because he assassinated the Archduke of Austria-Hungary Franz Ferdinand who was the heir of the Austria-Hungary throne
- Was a member of the Black Hand
6
Q
Black Hand
A
- Wanted Bosnia to be free from Austria-Hungary
- Had no connection with the Serbian government
- Home grown terrorist group
7
Q
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
A
- Heir the the Austria-Hungary throne
- Was shot by Gavrilo Principe which started the war
8
Q
Schlieffen Plan
A
- Germany would fight on the French front while Russia was mobilizing their troops because they were expected to take long time to mobilize
- Failed because Russia mobilized faster than expected and German troops had to be pulled from the French front 12 miles from taking Paris
9
Q
Western Front
A
- One of the two fronts Germany was fighting on
Germany fought France and Britain on this front
10
Q
Mobilization
A
- The process of assembly troops and supplies and making them ready for war
11
Q
Eastern Front
A
- One of the two fronts Germany was fighting on
- Germany fought Russia on this front
12
Q
Blockade
A
- Set up by a rival force to limit resources to the target country
- Used by Britain to cut off Germany’s resources because they needed a lot of raw materials
13
Q
Trench Warfare
A
- Fighting from a series of ditches usually surrounded by barbed wire
14
Q
Total War
A
- A war that involved the complete mobilization of resources and people
- Affected the lives of citizen in the warring countries
15
Q
Trench Foot
A
- A disease soldiers acquired when they stood in a lot of mud and it caused their feet to rot basically
16
Q
Propaganda
A
- Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause
17
Q
The 14 Points
A
- The points that Woodrow Wilson wrote up for the Treaty of Versailles that would benefit everyone and wouldn’t just punish Germany
- These points would demolish imperialism, nationalism, and militarism, all causes of WWI
18
Q
Georges Clemenceau
A
- Prime Minister of France during WWI and represented France in the Treaty of Versailles
19
Q
Woodrow Wilson
A
- President of USA during WWI and represented USA in the Treaty of Versailles
- Wrote up the 14 points
20
Q
David Lloyd George
A
- British politician and represented Great Britain in the Treaty of Versailles
21
Q
Versailles Treaty
A
- The peace treaty for WWI
- Final product did not include any of Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points, only things that would punish Germany per France and Britain’s request
22
Q
League of Nations
A
- Woodrow Wilson’s idea
- A general association of nations that would protect and represent big and small countries equally
- USA never joined because the 14 points were not recognized
- Similar to United Nations
23
Q
Czar Nicholas II
A
- Stepped down as Russian leader
- Was imprisoned and then murdered and burned with his family by soviets at the beginning of the Russian Civil War
24
Q
Soviets
A
- Russian councils composed from or representatives from the workers and soldiers
25
Q
Bolsheviks/Communists
A
- They were a group dedicated to violent revolution and hoped to destroy the capital system in Russia
- Began as part of the Marxist party called Russian Social Democrats
- Were led by Vladmir Ilyich and V.I. Lenin
- Promised the Russian people they would end the war
26
Q
V.I. Lenin
A
- Was shipped to Russia by Germans in hopes that he would create disorder in Russia
- Led the Communists
- Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany which made Russia give up Eastern Poland, Ukraine, and the Baltic Provinces
- Promised peace to Russian people
27
Q
“Reds vs Whites”
A
- Reds were the communists
- Whites were the anti-communists
28
Q
Russian Civil War
A
- Lasted 3 years
- Communists(Reds) vs. Anti-Communists(whites)
29
Q
Stalemate
A
- In fighting where neither side gains the upper hand
30
Q
War Communism
A
- In WWI Russian government had control of banks and most industries, the seizing of grain from peasants, and the centralization of state administration under Communist control
31
Q
Battle of the Marne
A
- 1914
- Germany vs. British and French
- Where British and French kept the Germans from taking Paris
32
Q
Battle of Tannenberg
A
- 1914
- Germans vs. Russians
- Germans push Russians out of Germany
33
Q
Battle of Gallipoli
A
- 1915
- British (Australian and New Zealand troops) vs. Ottoman’s
- British were killed instantly when they landed on an Ottoman peninsula
- British goal was to take the peninsula and use the waterway to get goods to Russia
34
Q
Battle of Ypres
A
- 1915
- German vs. French
- First battle where poisonous gas was used
35
Q
Battle of Jutland
A
- 1916
- German Navy vs. British Navy
- German ships attempt to break the blockade British have set up off the German coast
- Germans back down very quickly
36
Q
Battle of Verdun
A
- 1916
- German vs. French
- French built forts to protect themselves from heavy artillery fire of Germans
- No one won and nearly 1 million casualties between both sides
37
Q
Battle of Somme
A
- 1916
- British vs. Germans
- British attacked Germans and didn’t really gain much
- Seen as a stupid battle with 1 million casualties
38
Q
Battle of Vimy Ridge
A
- 1917
- British vs Germany
- British used creeping barrage which backfired and nothing was gained
39
Q
Battle of Cambrai
A
- 1917
- British vs. Germans
- When British first used tanks
40
Q
Battle of the Second Marne
A
- 1918
- Germans vs. British and French
- Germans begin pushing British and French back and then USA troops show up
41
Q
Battle of Belleau Woods
A
- 1918
- Within Battle of the Second Marne
- Where American troops first show up and got their asses kicked
42
Q
Cease Fire
A
- on 11/11/18 at 11am
