Chapter 6 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Triple Alliance

A
  • Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed in 1882
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2
Q

Triple Entente

A
  • Alliance between France, Great Britain, and Russia formed in 1907
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3
Q

Allied Powers

A
  • France, Great Britain, Russia, Japan(joined in 1915), Italy(joined in 1915), Romania(joined in 1916)
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4
Q

Central Powers

A
  • Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria(joined in 1915), Ottoman Empire(joined in 1915)
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5
Q

Gavrilo Principe

A
  • Arguably started the war because he assassinated the Archduke of Austria-Hungary Franz Ferdinand who was the heir of the Austria-Hungary throne
  • Was a member of the Black Hand
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6
Q

Black Hand

A
  • Wanted Bosnia to be free from Austria-Hungary
  • Had no connection with the Serbian government
  • Home grown terrorist group
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7
Q

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

A
  • Heir the the Austria-Hungary throne

- Was shot by Gavrilo Principe which started the war

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8
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A
  • Germany would fight on the French front while Russia was mobilizing their troops because they were expected to take long time to mobilize
  • Failed because Russia mobilized faster than expected and German troops had to be pulled from the French front 12 miles from taking Paris
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9
Q

Western Front

A
  • One of the two fronts Germany was fighting on

Germany fought France and Britain on this front

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10
Q

Mobilization

A
  • The process of assembly troops and supplies and making them ready for war
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11
Q

Eastern Front

A
  • One of the two fronts Germany was fighting on

- Germany fought Russia on this front

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12
Q

Blockade

A
  • Set up by a rival force to limit resources to the target country
  • Used by Britain to cut off Germany’s resources because they needed a lot of raw materials
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13
Q

Trench Warfare

A
  • Fighting from a series of ditches usually surrounded by barbed wire
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14
Q

Total War

A
  • A war that involved the complete mobilization of resources and people
  • Affected the lives of citizen in the warring countries
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15
Q

Trench Foot

A
  • A disease soldiers acquired when they stood in a lot of mud and it caused their feet to rot basically
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16
Q

Propaganda

A
  • Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause
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17
Q

The 14 Points

A
  • The points that Woodrow Wilson wrote up for the Treaty of Versailles that would benefit everyone and wouldn’t just punish Germany
  • These points would demolish imperialism, nationalism, and militarism, all causes of WWI
18
Q

Georges Clemenceau

A
  • Prime Minister of France during WWI and represented France in the Treaty of Versailles
19
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A
  • President of USA during WWI and represented USA in the Treaty of Versailles
  • Wrote up the 14 points
20
Q

David Lloyd George

A
  • British politician and represented Great Britain in the Treaty of Versailles
21
Q

Versailles Treaty

A
  • The peace treaty for WWI
  • Final product did not include any of Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points, only things that would punish Germany per France and Britain’s request
22
Q

League of Nations

A
  • Woodrow Wilson’s idea
  • A general association of nations that would protect and represent big and small countries equally
  • USA never joined because the 14 points were not recognized
  • Similar to United Nations
23
Q

Czar Nicholas II

A
  • Stepped down as Russian leader

- Was imprisoned and then murdered and burned with his family by soviets at the beginning of the Russian Civil War

24
Q

Soviets

A
  • Russian councils composed from or representatives from the workers and soldiers
25
Q

Bolsheviks/Communists

A
  • They were a group dedicated to violent revolution and hoped to destroy the capital system in Russia
  • Began as part of the Marxist party called Russian Social Democrats
  • Were led by Vladmir Ilyich and V.I. Lenin
  • Promised the Russian people they would end the war
26
Q

V.I. Lenin

A
  • Was shipped to Russia by Germans in hopes that he would create disorder in Russia
  • Led the Communists
  • Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany which made Russia give up Eastern Poland, Ukraine, and the Baltic Provinces
  • Promised peace to Russian people
27
Q

“Reds vs Whites”

A
  • Reds were the communists

- Whites were the anti-communists

28
Q

Russian Civil War

A
  • Lasted 3 years

- Communists(Reds) vs. Anti-Communists(whites)

29
Q

Stalemate

A
  • In fighting where neither side gains the upper hand
30
Q

War Communism

A
  • In WWI Russian government had control of banks and most industries, the seizing of grain from peasants, and the centralization of state administration under Communist control
31
Q

Battle of the Marne

A
  • 1914
  • Germany vs. British and French
  • Where British and French kept the Germans from taking Paris
32
Q

Battle of Tannenberg

A
  • 1914
  • Germans vs. Russians
  • Germans push Russians out of Germany
33
Q

Battle of Gallipoli

A
  • 1915
  • British (Australian and New Zealand troops) vs. Ottoman’s
  • British were killed instantly when they landed on an Ottoman peninsula
  • British goal was to take the peninsula and use the waterway to get goods to Russia
34
Q

Battle of Ypres

A
  • 1915
  • German vs. French
  • First battle where poisonous gas was used
35
Q

Battle of Jutland

A
  • 1916
  • German Navy vs. British Navy
  • German ships attempt to break the blockade British have set up off the German coast
  • Germans back down very quickly
36
Q

Battle of Verdun

A
  • 1916
  • German vs. French
  • French built forts to protect themselves from heavy artillery fire of Germans
  • No one won and nearly 1 million casualties between both sides
37
Q

Battle of Somme

A
  • 1916
  • British vs. Germans
  • British attacked Germans and didn’t really gain much
  • Seen as a stupid battle with 1 million casualties
38
Q

Battle of Vimy Ridge

A
  • 1917
  • British vs Germany
  • British used creeping barrage which backfired and nothing was gained
39
Q

Battle of Cambrai

A
  • 1917
  • British vs. Germans
  • When British first used tanks
40
Q

Battle of the Second Marne

A
  • 1918
  • Germans vs. British and French
  • Germans begin pushing British and French back and then USA troops show up
41
Q

Battle of Belleau Woods

A
  • 1918
  • Within Battle of the Second Marne
  • Where American troops first show up and got their asses kicked
42
Q

Cease Fire

A
  • on 11/11/18 at 11am