Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH 1002 - Psych as a Natural Science > Chapter 6 - States of Consciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - States of Consciousness Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

______ is our moment to moment awareness of ourselves and our environment, its subjective and private, dynamic, self-reflective and central to our sense of self

A

consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sigmund freud proposed that we have three levels of of awareness, name and explain them

A

Conscious- thoughts, perceptions

Preconscious- not currently available but could be (memories)

Subconscious- Inaccessible, unacceptable urges and desires that may leak out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_______ psychologists reject notion of an unconscious mind driven by instinctive urges and repressed conflicts

A

cognitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cognitive psychologists view the conscious and unconscious mental life as __________ forms of _________ processing

A

complimentary forms of information processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do psychologist measure states of consciousness

A

self reports and behavioral measures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are self reports

A

eople are able to describe their inner experiences and is the most direct insight into a persons subjective experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are behavioral measures

A

behavioral measures are objective but still infer the person’s state of mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

compare controlled vs automatic processing

A

controlled - the voluntary use of attention and conscious effort (studying, planning etc.)

automatic - performed with little or no conscious effort (driving, etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

eastyn is driving her car, she looks down at her phone and multitasks between texting mireille and driving
what types of attention is this?

A

divided attention

  • ability to perform more than one activity at the same time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when is divided attention more difficult

A

when the two tasks being performed require similar mental resources

(eg. both motor tasks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

can you rub your belly and pat your head?

this is difficult for some, why?

A

because you’re using divided attention and they are both motor tasks, making it difficult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Can non-conscious processes influence emotional responses

A

yes

For example: being in a good or bad mood but not sure why you feel that way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The inability to visually recognize objects is known as visual ________

A

agnosia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

eastyn can see an object but is unable to recognize or interpret the visual information due to a disorder in her parietal lobe

what condition does she likely suffer from

A

visual agnosia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

______ is the ability to respond to visual information (by guessing but they are usually 80-100% right most of the time) without consciously seeing it.

A

blindsight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

our subjective experience of “unitary” consciousness arises from the _________ output of various modules in the brain

A

integrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the ______ _______ is a daily biological clock or cycle that every 24 hours our body temperature, certain hormonal secretions and other bodily functions undergo a rhythmic change that affects our mental alertness and readies our body for sleep and when to wake up

A

circadian rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what regulates the circadian rhythm and where is it located

A

regulated by the brains suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), which are located in the hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

SCN neutrons become active during the day time and _______ the pineal gland’s secretion of melatonin, raising your body temperature and heightening your alertness. At night SCN neutrons are inactive allowing melatonin levels to _______ and promoting relaxation and sleepiness.

A

reduce the pineal gland’s secretion of melatonin,

At night SCN neutrons are inactive allowing melatonin levels to increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the _______ gland produces melatonin

A

peneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

____________ is a hormone that has relaxing effects on the body and promotes sleepiness

A

melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

without day/night cycle cues your body would drift into a longer 24.2-24.8 hour clock

creating a __________ circadian rhythm

A

freerunning circadian rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The cyclic tendency to become psychologically depressed during certain times of the year (fall/winter) is referred to as _______ _______ disorder

A

seasonal affective disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

EEG’s are used to show your brains electrical activity in a pattern of _____ waves when you are awake with your eyes open,

A

beta waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

________ waves occur hen you’re relaxed/drowsy, or meditating and occurs at about 8 to 12 cycles per second

A

alpha waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When you’re awake and alert, ________ waves have a high frequency of about 15 to 30 cycles per second, but a low “amplitude” or height

A

beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What brain wave patterns distinguish the first four stages of sleep

Stage 1: alpha waves turn into _______ waves
Stage 2: sleep ______ and _______ indicate transition to stage 2
Stage 3: slow and large ______ waves start to occur
Stage 4: _______ waves dominate brain activity

A

Stage 1: alpha waves turn into theta waves
Stage 2: sleep spindles and k-complex’s indicate transition to stage
Stage 3: slow and large delta waves start to occur
Stage 4: delta waves dominate brain activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

eastyn smokes a fatty bowl, she feels relaxed and drowsy but not quite asleep yet

what will her sleep waves probably look like on an eeg

A

alpha waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

eastyn is awake and alert after poppin an addy, her brain is most likely emitting ______ waves

A

beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

during the _______ _____ _______ stage of sleep, brain-wave activity resembles that of active wakefulness, but the muscles in the bosy become completely relaxed

A

rapid eye movement (REM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

in stage one of sleep

Brain wave pattern becomes irregular, ________ theta waves (3.5 to 7.5 cps) increase

______ sleep, easily awakened

A

Brain wave pattern becomes irregular, slower theta waves (3.5 to 7.5 cps) increase

Light sleep, easily awakened

Lasts a few minutes, body jerks occur here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

during stage 2 of sleep

Sleep _________ appear (1 to 2 second bursts of rapid brain wave activity of 12-15 cps)

mucles go _______, breathing a heart rate _______

its _______ to be awakened

A

Sleep spindles appear (1 to 2 second bursts of rapid brain wave activity of 12-15 cps)

Muscles relaxed, breathing and heart rate slow down

Harder to awaken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

during stage 3 of sleep

we see the ppearance of very slow and large _______ waves (0.5 to 2 cps)

A

delta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

during stage 4 of sleep

_______ waves dominate EEG patten

the body is ________ and we see _______ brain activity

A

Delta waves dominate EEG patern

Body relaxed and we see decreased brain activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

After about 20-30 minutes in stage 4 of sleep, what happens

A

you go back to stage, 3, 2, and then during your entry back into stage one you enter REM sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

we spend more time in ______ sleep than any other stage, and throughout the night you spend less and less time in stage ___

A

REM

stage 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

why is it called rapid eye movement sleep

A

Sleepers’ eyeballs move back and forth beneath their closed eyelids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

when awoken in REM sleep dreams are almost ______ reported

A

always

39
Q

During REM, physiological arousal may increase to ________ levels (breathing, heart rate, boners, pussies getting wet)

A

daytime

40
Q

during REM sleep the brain sends signals to make it more _______ for muscles to contract

A

difficult

41
Q

ture or false, Rem sleep is the ony stage were dreams occur

A

false

42
Q

true or false non REM sleep dreams are shorter than REM sleed dreams

A

true

43
Q

Each cycle through REM stages takes around ___ minutes

A

90 minutes

44
Q

Physiological arousal, paralysis of voluntary muscles and high rates of dreaming are all aspects of _______ sleep

A

REM

45
Q

REM ______ _______ occurs when the brain sends signals to male voluntary sucle movements more difficult

A

REM sleep paralysis

46
Q

newborns sleep around 16h a day, almost half of it in _______

A

REM

47
Q

as people age they get less and less _______ wave sleeo

A

slow wave sleep

48
Q

according to the sleep _______ _____, sleep recharges our bodies and allows us to recover from physical and mental fatigue

A

sleep restoration model

49
Q

the __________ sleep model emphasize that sleep increases a species chance of survival in relation to environmental demands

A

Evolutionary sleep model

50
Q

_______ is characterized by chronic difficulty to fall asleep, stay asleep or experience a restful sleep

A

insomnia

51
Q

eastyn suffers from a sleep disorder where she suddenly falls asleep for 1-60 minutes uncontrollably, what does she have?

A

narcolepsy

52
Q

eastyn suffers from a sleep disorder where she suddenly falls asleep for 1-60 minutes uncontrollably, what does she have?

A

narcolepsy

53
Q

eastyn is having a sex dream in REM sleep. She suddenly starts humping the air uncontrollably in her sleep and acting out the dream. What sleep disorder does she suffer from?

A

Rem sleep behaviour disorder (RBD)

paralysis during rem is absent enabling them to move about and act out their dreams

54
Q

_______ _______ occur when one is aroused to a near panic state, may suddenly sit up, let out a scream and thrash about or flee to another room to try and escape

A

night terrors

55
Q

why did Freud believe we dream?

A

Wish fulfillment

the satisfaction of a psychological need through dreaming or a waking fantasy

56
Q

freud outltines 2 aspects of dreams

_________ content which is the surface sotry of the dream

_________ content which is the hidden meaning in our drea

A

Manifest content (surface story of our dream)

Latent content (hidden meaning)

57
Q

________ _________ theory states that dreams are the brain making sense of random neural activity, dreams serve no function

A

Activation synthesis theory

58
Q

________ _______ dream models- sate that dreams help us find creative solutions to problems

A

problem solving dream models

59
Q

__________ ________ dream theories focus on the process of how we dream and propose that dreaming and waking thought are produced by the same mental systems in the brain

A

cognitive process dream theories

60
Q

In what Stage of sleep does sleep walking occur?

A

Stages 3 or 4 of slow-wave sleep.

61
Q

sleep _____ is a disorder characterized by a repeated cycle in which the sleeper stops breathing, momentarily awakens, and then returns to sleep

A

apnea

62
Q

eastyn has a dream where she fails her stats exam.

the literal meaning is __________ function

the fear that she might fail her exam is the ________ function

A

he literal meaning is manifest function

the fear that she might fail her exam is the latent function

63
Q

agonistic drugs _______ neuron acvity

A

increase

64
Q

what type of drug inhibits or decreases neuron activity

A

antagonistic

65
Q

eastyn had decrease responsivity to weed because she smokes it every damn night, what is this referred to as

A

tolerance

66
Q

bodily response that opposes a drugs effects and occurs in an attempt to restore homeostasis are referred to as __________ responses

A

compensatory

67
Q

withdrawal is due to continuing ___________ responses after a drugs stop

A

continuing compensatory respoonses

68
Q

depressant drugs ________ nervous system activity, reduce anxiety and give a relaxed euphoria

A

decrease

69
Q

How do drugs increase/decrease synaptic transmission

A

they are either agonists or antagonists

70
Q

alcohol increasers the activity of the neurotransmitter ______, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

and decreases the activity of _________

A

GABA, glutamate

71
Q

_______ drugs increase nural firing and arouse the nervous system, boost heart rate, breathing, alertness and mood

A

stimulant

72
Q

___________ psychosis is characterized by psychotic symptoms which involves and typically occurs following an overdose on psychostimulants

A

Amphetamine psychosis

73
Q

codeine and heroine are examples of ________, which provide pain relief and cause mood swings/euphoria

A

opiates

74
Q

mind altering drugs which produces hallucinations are called what

A

hallucinogens

75
Q

_____ is the major ingredient in weed, and ______ is the other one; which is not mood altering, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychotic

A

thc

cbd

76
Q

_______ is when people are able to experience imaged test suggestions as if they were real

A

hypnosis

77
Q

_______ ________ _______ contain a standard series of pass/fail suggestions that are read to a subject after a hypnotic induction

A

Hypnotic susceptibility scales

78
Q

__________ increase dopamine and norepinephrine activity (reducing appetite and fatigue

A

amphetamines

79
Q

eastyn takes 13 fireball shots and decides to SUCK SOMBODY’S EAR AT A PARTY

she then wakes up the next morning and realizes that this short sidedness in thinking was _______ __________

A

alcohol myopia

  • shortsightedness in thinking caused by inability to pay attention
80
Q

how do stimulants influence neural firing

A

they increase it

81
Q

how do depressants influence nervous system’s activity

A

decreases

82
Q

Cocaine – increases activity of norepinephrine and dopamine by blocking _________

A

reuptake

83
Q

the _________ theory of hypnosis says that a person simultaneously experiences two streams of consciousness

 One stream responds to hypnotist’s questions

 Second stream (part of consciousness that monitors behaviour) remains in the background but is aware of everything

A

dissociation theory of hypnosis

84
Q

the _______ _______ theory of hypnosis claims that people motivated to conform to the role of a hypnotized person develop a readiness to respond to the suggestions and to perceive the hypnosis as real and involuntary

A

social cognitive theory of hypnosis

85
Q

consciousness often depends on ______

A

attention

86
Q

very well learned behaviour carried out through ________ processing

A

automatic

87
Q

poorly learnt skills are carried out through _______ processing

A

controlled

88
Q

eastyn and mireille drive to ACEB. by the time eastyn gets there, she says to mireille “damn broski, ion even remember driving here”

she was thus using ________ processing

A

automatic

89
Q

reading is an example of an _______ process

A

automatic

90
Q

awareness of the relationship between the self and the external world is a way of defining ________

A

consciousness

91
Q

eastyn is trying to remember a word for her essay, she tells mireille that the the word is in the “tip of her toung”.

this is an example of Freudian ________ level

A

preconscious level, where the information is not currently available but could be

92
Q

most people daydream every 90 minutes. Here are the 4 things most commonly day dreamt about, put them in order from most daydreamt

sex or romance
aggression
problem solving
failure or success
guilt

A
  1. failure or success
  2. aggression
  3. sex or romance
  4. guilt
  5. problem solving
93
Q

names the waves from

A

PSYCH 1002 - Psych as a Natural Science (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions