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EMS > Chapter 6 - Special Emergencies > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Special Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Non-Fatal Drowning - 6010

TREATMENT: (6)

A

• Maintain body warmth
• If trauma suspected, immobilize using proper technique
• Determine submersion time
• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitir SpO2
▪Adminiter O2 via proper adjunct to maintaon oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Assess temperature
• ALL NEAR DROWNING PATIENTS SHOULD BE TRANSPORTED

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2
Q

Decompression Sickness - 6020

TREATMENT: (10)

A

• Maintain body warmth
• If trauma suspected, immobilize using proper technique
• Place patient in the RECOVERY POSITION
• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitor SpO2
▪Provide 100% O2 via NRB
• Determine Blood Glucose Level
• Initiate cardiac monitoring
• Assess temperature
• Retrieve dive computer (if appropriate) and ensure transport with the patient or try to obtain depth and length of five from patient or bystanders
• Transport to closest most appropriate emergency room
▪There is currently no emergent hyperbaric treatment chamber in Duval County

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3
Q

Excited Delerium - 6030

Physical signs of Excited Delerium include: (8)

A
  • Unfounded fear or panic
  • Shouting/nonsensical speech
  • Bizarre behavior (hallucinations/paranoia)
  • Hyperactivity and thrashing about (especially after restraint)
  • Unexplained strength/endurance
  • Shedding clothes/nudity (due to increased body temperature)
  • Profuse diaphoresis
  • Decreased sensitivity to pain

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4
Q

Excited Delerium - 6030

A previously combative patient who becomes suddenly quiet should raise a red flag.

true or false?

A

True

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5
Q

Excited Delerium - 6030

Excited delirium can mimic several medical conditions incl: hypoxia. hypoglycemia, stroke or in a bleed. All of these patients should be transported. True or false?

A

True

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6
Q

Excited Delerium - 6030

TREATMENT: (7)

A

• Request law enforcement if not already on scene
• Attempt to calm patient
▪Move patient to calm, quiet environment
▪Respond in confident, supportive manner
▪Inquire about resolving cause of anger
▪Express sympathy and concern
• Apply restraints if needed and not already in place by law enforcement
• Document the following in the PCR
▪The patient’s behavior necessitating placement of restraints
▪The type restraint used
▪Status of circulation distal to restraints
• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitor SpO2
▪Administrater O2 via proper adjunct to maintain oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Determine Blood Glucose Level
• Assess temperature

pg. 1-2

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7
Q

Restrained patients shall be placed in a __________ position.

A

supine

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8
Q

No patient will be restrained in the prone or _____________ position.

A

“hog-tied”

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9
Q

Restraints shall not prohibited evaluation of the patient’s medical status or injure patient the in anyway.

True or false?

A

True

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10
Q

Frequently assess pt. to ensure airway is patent, distal circulation is adequate, restraints can be released quickly should pt’s condition deteriorate.

True or false?

A

True

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11
Q

When restraints are used, circulation to the extremities shall be evaluated by a least every _____ minutes.

A

5

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12
Q

JFRD personnel shall never leave the restrained patient.

True or false?

A

True

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13
Q

Combative Patient - 6040

TREATMENT (8)

A

• Request law enforcement if not already on scene
• A wide variety of medical conditions can cause a patient to become combative
• Attempt to calm patient
▪Attempt to calm patient
▪Move patient to calm, quiet environment
▪Respond in confident, supportive manner
▪Inquire about resolving cause of anger
▪Express sympathy and concern
• Apply restraints if needed and not already in place by law enforcement
• Document following in the PCR
▪The patient’s behavior necessitating placement of restraints
▪The type restraint used
▪Status of circulation distal to restraints
• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitor SpO2
▪ administer 02 via proper adjunct to maintain oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Determine Blood Glucose Level
• Assess temperature

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14
Q

Combative Patient - 6040

A wide variety of medical conditions can cause a patient to become combative.

True or false?

A

True

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15
Q

Hyperthermia - 6050

TREATMENT: (7)

A

• Move patient to cooler environment and remove any clothing or gear
• Treat heat stroke aggressively
• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitor SpO2
▪ administer O2 via proper adjunct to maintain oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Determine Blood Glucose Level
• Initiate cardiac monitoring
• Assess temperature
▪ apply cooling measures (ice packs wet towels to the neck, axillae, groin, etc.)
▪ if temperature is greater than or equal to 104 degrees and ice water immersion cooling has been initiated by healthcare professionals, consider allowing continue treatment for up to 10 minutes
▪ when removing patient from ice bath, consider placing some of the ice on the stretcher around the patient

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16
Q

Hypothermia - 6060

TREATMENT: (8)

A

• Place patient in SUPINE POSITION
• Move patient to warm environment
• Handle patient gently
▪ the hypothermic heart is irritable; excessive movement may result in ventricular arrhythmias
• REWARMING IS THE PRIORITY
▪ Remove any wet clothing
▪ Increase core temperature with blankets
▪ Increase temperature in patient compartment
• Airway/breathing management
▪ Monitor SpO2
▪ administer O2 via proper adjunct to maintain oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Determine blood glucose level
• Initiate cardiac monitoring
• Assess temperature

pg. 1

17
Q

Bites and Stings - 6070

If signs of allergic reaction noted, follow Allergic Reaction/Anaphylaxis Protocol (Section 5030).

True or false?

A

True

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18
Q

Bites and Stings - 6070

TREATMENT: (6)

A

• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitor SpO2
▪ Administer O2 via proper adjunct maintain oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Initiate cardiac monitoring
• INSECTS and SPIDERS
▪Remove stinger if present and cleanse with peroxide
• MARINE STINGS
▪ Remove any clinging tentacles by salt water rinse (if unavailable, normal saline) or by using a gloved hand
▪Avoid rinsing with freshwater water
▪ irrigate affected with Normal Saline
• SNAKE BITES
▪ is constricting bands in place upon arrival, remove
▪ Mark initial edematous area with pen and note time
▪ Attempt to identify type of snake
• Apply sterile dressing

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* NO DETERMINE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL or ASSESS TEMPERATURE *

19
Q

Overdose/Poisoning - 6080

If substance is known, contact Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 provide all information requested by poison control representative.

True or false?

A

True

pg. 1

20
Q

Overdose/Poisoning - 6080

TREATMENT: (6)

A

• airway/breathing management
▪ Monitor Spo2
▪ Administer O2 via proper adjunct to maintain oxygen saturation of 95% or greater
• Initiate cardiac monitoring
• EVALUATE blood glucose level
• Assess temperature
• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment
• Consider specific treatment situations:
▪NARCOTIC USE
▪ If respiratory depression present or unable to protect the airway
▪ORGANOPHOSPHATE EXPOSURE
▪ signs and symptoms include Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bradycardia, Bronchorrhea, bronchospasms, Emesis, Lacrimation and Salivation
▪ACUTE DYSTONIC REACTIONS to anti-psychotics
▪ Signs and symptoms include painful muscle spasms of the face, neck and back
▪BETA-BLOCKER OVERDOSE
▪CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER TOXICITY

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21
Q

Carbon Minoxide/Cyanide Exposure - 6090

TREATMENT: (8)

A

• Request HazMat team when appropriate
• Wear appropriate personal protective barrier
• Remove patient to an environment with fresh air
• determine the carboxyhemoglobin saturation (SpCO) if possible
▪Abnormal values
▪Non-smoker
▪Greater than 5%
▪Smoker
▪Greater than 10%
• Airway/breathing management
▪Monitor SpO2, readings may be falsely high in the presence of Carbon Monoxide
▪Administer 100% O2 via NRB
• Assess blood glucose level
• Transport to closest most appropriate receiving hospital
▪ There is currently no emergent hyperbaric treatment chamber in Duval County

pg. 1
* No - Assess temperature *

EMS (36 decks)

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