Chapter 6- School Flashcards
Transitions- top dog phenomenon
5pts
- Kids move from being the oldest-biggest in their elementary school to being the smallest in high school
- Less powerful
- Low self esteem
- More likely to experience victimization
- Grades go down
Most influences are…
- Do not have to do with…
- Non-cognitive
- Intellectual ability
Pros of smaller schools?
- drop out & passing rate?
- safeness?
- achievement for ethnocultural minorities and low income families?
- more or less likely to participate in extracurricular activities?
7pts
- Teachers can pay more attention to students individually
- Feel less alienated, more attached to the teacher and school
- Parents more enthusiastic about smaller schools
- Low drop out rate, high passing rate
- Safer- less likely to become victims of theft, violence etc
- Higher achievement for ethnocultural minorities and low income families
- More likely to take part in extracurricular activities
School that includes grades 7, 8, 9, intended to meet the special needs of young adolescents and be a bridge between elementary and high school
Junior high school
What concepts are these:
- BLANK: a focus on competitive success and a tendency to interpret outcomes as a sign of ability or lack of ability. Also called ability goal-orientation
- BLANK: A focus on learning and mastering tasks and on personal improvement. Also called task-goal orientation
- linked to positive outcomes
- Performance orientation
- Mastery orientation
Less likely to ask for help when they need it because asking for help strikes them as an admission of inferiority, more likely to engage in self-handicapping.
What is this concept called?
Performance-avoid goal orientation
Placing obstacles in the way of one’s performance to avoid having to attribute a possible faults to low ability, rather deflect away from their ability.
Self-handicapping
What is school climate?
The general atmosphere in a school, including attitudes of students, staff, order, discipline and student participation
What is the most effective schooling style?
Authoritarian or authoritative?
Authoritative (high responsiveness, high demandingness)
What is school membership?
The sense that students have of being connected and committed to their school and is positive functioning
Which teachers generally have less confidence in their teaching efficacy ?
2pts
- Junior high teacher
- High school teacher
What is:
- Locus of causality
- Causal stability
- Controllability
3pts
Locus of causality: Whether the cause is seen as internal or external
Casual stability: Whether the cause is thought to be open to change or stay the same over time
Controllability: The belief that the cause of an outcome is under your control
A non-familiar adult who provides a young persons with guidance and support
Mentor
Programs & interventions: What types of
programs are effective for adolescents?
3pts
- Change the environment (e.g., school climate)
- Change the mindset
- Mentoring programs
What is self efficacy?
Belief in their capacities
Climate and mindset approaches focus on:
- Creating a BLANK that increases adolescents’ desire for BLANK and BLANK
- Creating a BLANK that’s more BLANK toward adolescents
- Creating a BLANK that reduces the power of BLANK to peer status and respect
- mindset, respect, status
- climate, respectful
- mindset, threats
What are restorative justice programs?
3pts
- Focuses on repairing harm, promote conflict resolution skills
- Promote sense of connectedness and relatedness among school staff,
teachers, and students - Focus on a proactive vision that looks at future development and relationship
What example of restorative justice program is this?
Informal one-on-one meetings between a student and a teacher, who make a verbal agreement about how to improve an aspect of the relationship
Restorative conversations
What example of restorative justice program is this?
Teachers lead classroom conversations to enhance relationships, rapport and empathy.
Connection circles
What example of restorative justice program is this?
People engage in a discussion of an incident, harms caused, and reparative action
Problem-solving circles
