Chapter 6 - Object Modeling Flashcards
In object-oriented analysis or programming, an _______ represents a real person, place, event, or transaction.
object
Describes objects, which combine data and processes. _________ are the end product of O-O analysis.
object model
A single characteristic or fact about an entity. An __________ is the smallest piece of data that has meaning within an information system. For example, a Social Security number or company name could be examples of an attribute. In object-oriented analysis, an attribute is part of a class diagram that describes the characteristics of objects in the class.
attributes
An adjective that describes an object’s current status (e.g., a student could be a CURRENT, FUTURE, or PAST student).
state
An O-O command that tells an object to perform a certain method.
message
The concept that a message gives different meanings to different objects (e.g., a GOOD NIGHT message might produce different results depending if it is received by a child or the family dog).
polymorphism
The idea that all data and methods are selfcontained, as in a black box.
encapsulation
A specific member of a class.
instance
A further division of objects in a class. ___________ are more specific categories within a class.
subclasses
A more generalized category to which objects may belong
superclass
Enable objects to communicate and interact as they perform the business functions and transactions required by a system. ___________ describe what objects need to know about each other, how objects respond to changes in other objects, and the effects of membership in classes, superclasses, and subclasses.
Relationships
A type of object relationship. ____________ enables an object to derive one or more of its attributes from another object (e.g., an INSTRUCTOR object may inherit many traits from the EMPLOYEE object, such as hire date).
Inheritance
In inheritance, a ______ is the object that derives one or more attributes from another object, called the parent.
child
In inheritance, a _______ is the object from which the other object, the child, derives one or more attributes.
parent
Represents the steps in a specific business function or process in UML.
use case
A description in UML that documents the name of the use case, the actor, a description of the use case, a step-by-step list of the tasks required for successful completion, and other key descriptions and assumptions.
use case description
Shows what is included and excluded from a system. Depicted by a shaded rectangle in use case diagrams.
system boundary
A detailed view of a single use case, showing the classes that participate in the use case, and documenting the relationship among the classes.
class diagram
A concept that describes how instances of one entity relate to instances of another entity. Described in entity-relationship diagrams by notation that indicates combinations that include zero or one-to-many, one-to-one, and many-to-many
cardinality
In a sequence diagram, a ________ is used to represent the time during which the object above it is able to interact with the other objects in the use case.
lifeline
In a sequence diagram, a ______ indicates when an object sends or receives a message. It is indicated by a narrow vertical rectangle that covers the lifeline.
focus
Shows how an object changes from one state to another, depending on the events that affect the object.
state transition diagram
A diagram that resembles a horizontal flowchart that shows the actions and events as they occur. ____________ show the order in which actions take place and identify the outcome.
activity diagram
Defines specific tasks that an object must perform. Describes what and how an object does something.
method
