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CTS-285 > Chapter 4 - Requirements Engineering > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Requirements Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

A characteristic or feature that must be included in an information system to satisfy business requirements and be acceptable to users.

A

system requirement

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2
Q

A description of the system requirements from the user’s point of view.

A

requirements definitions

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3
Q

A description of the system requirements from the analyst or engineering team’s point of view.

A

requirements specifications

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4
Q

A statement of the services a system provides.

A

functional requirement

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5
Q

A statement of operational system constraints.

A

non-functional requirement

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6
Q

See non-functional requirements.

A

quality attributes

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7
Q

A characteristic of a system, implying that the system can be expanded, modified, or downsized easily to meet the rapidly changing needs of a business enterprise.

A

Scalability

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8
Q

A systems development technique that uses a task force of users, managers, and IT professionals who work together to gather information, discuss business needs, and define the new system requirements.

A

Joint application development (JAD)

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9
Q

A team-based technique that speeds up information systems development and produces a functioning information system. ____ is similar in concept to JAD but goes further by including all phases of the SDLC.

A

Rapid application development (RAD)

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10
Q

A phase that combines elements of the systems planning and systems analysis phases of the SDLC.

A

requirements planning phase

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11
Q

In this phase, users interact with systems analysts and develop models and prototypes that represent all system processes, outputs, and inputs.

A

user design phase

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12
Q

A phase that focuses on program and application development tasks similar to the SDLC.

A

construction phase

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13
Q

A phase that resembles the final tasks in the SDLC implementation phase, including data conversion, testing, changeover to the new system, and user training.

A

cutover phase

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14
Q

A popular technique for agile project management. Derived from a rugby term. In ______, team members play specific roles and interact in intense sessions.

A

Scrum

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15
Q

The process of gathering requirements.

A

fact-finding / requirements elicitation

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16
Q

A planned meeting during which information is obtained from another person

A

interview

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17
Q

An organization based on interpersonal relationships, which can develop from previous work assignments, physical proximity, unofficial procedures, or personal relationships.

A

Informal structures

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18
Q

Queries that suggest or favor a particular reply.

A

leading questions

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19
Q

Queries that allow for a range of answers. They encourage spontaneous and unstructured responses and are useful in understanding a larger process

A

Open-ended questions

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20
Q

Queries that limit or restrict the range of responses. Used in the interview process when specific information or fact verification is desired.

A

Closed-ended questions

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21
Q

Closed-ended questions that ask the person to evaluate something by providing limited answers to specific responses or on a numeric scale.

A

Range-of-response questions

22
Q

The ability to really concentrate on what someone is saying and avoid the temptation to hear what is expected. Also includes noticing nonverbal communication.

A

engaged listening

23
Q

A review of baseline documentation. A useful factfinding technique that helps an analyst understand how the current system is supposed to work.

A

Document review

24
Q

A fact-finding technique where an analyst sees a system in action. _____________ allows the verification of statements made in interviews.

A

observation

25
Q

A phenomenon where employees who know they are being observed are more productive.

A

Hawthorne Effect

26
Q

A document containing a number of standard questions that can be sent to many individuals.

A

questionnaire / survey

27
Q

A template used to collect data on the Internet or a company intranet.

A

fill-in form

28
Q

A fact-finding technique for gaining information through the use of a small group discussion of a specific problem, opportunity, or issue.

A

brainstorming

29
Q

A group discussion where each participant speaks when it is his or her turn or passes.

A

structured brainstorming

30
Q

A group discussion where any participant can speak at any time.

A

unstructured brainstorming

31
Q

A process where an analyst collects examples of actual documents, which could include records, reports, or various forms.

A

sampling

32
Q

A sample that occurs at a predetermined periodicity. For example, every tenth customer record might be selected as a ______________ for review.

A

systematic sample

33
Q

A set metric is collected across functional areas. For example, a certain percentage of transactions from every work shift, or five customers from each of four zip codes, could be a ________________.

A

stratified sample

34
Q

A selection taken in a random, unplanned manner. For example, a ____________ might be a sample that selects any 20 customers.

A

random sample

35
Q

An important fact-finding technique that includes the review of journals, periodicals, and books to obtain background information, technical material, and news about industry trends and developments.

A

Research

36
Q

A trip to a physical location to observe a system in use at another location.

A

site visit

37
Q

In an agile project, a simple, high-level statement of a requirement.

A

features / epic

38
Q

In an agile project, a set of more refined requirements derived from features

A

user stories

39
Q

In an agile project, a real-world example of how users will interact with the system.

A

scenarios

40
Q

In an agile project, a simple graphic organizer that helps systems analysts visualize the status of a project.

A

storyboards

41
Q

A top-down representation of business functions and processes. Also called a structure chart.

A

functional decomposition diagram (FDD)

42
Q

The overall diagram in BPMN.

A

pool

43
Q

In a business process diagram, the overall diagram is called a pool and the designated customer areas are called ___________.

A

swim lanes

44
Q

A widely used method of visualizing and documenting software systems design. ___ uses object-oriented design concepts, but it is independent of any specific programming language and can be used to describe business processes and requirements generally.

A

47.
Unified Modeling Language (UML)

45
Q

A dialect of UML 2, used for representing requirements (and other things), primarily in MBSE applications.

A

SysML

46
Q

A visual representation that illustrates the interaction between users and the information system in UML.

A

use case diagram

47
Q

An external entity with a specific role. In a use case model, ______ are used to model interaction with the system.

A

actor

48
Q

A UML diagram that shows the timing of transactions between objects as they occur during system execution.

A

sequence diagram

49
Q

Applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, database management, and presentation graphics programs.

A

productivity software

50
Q

A tool that helps manage tasks and schedules. Many handheld devices also include this function.

A

personal information manager (PIM)

51
Q

A common tool for showing the distribution of questionnaire or sampling results. It takes the form of a vertical bar chart.

A

histogram

52
Q

The ability to follow a requirement backward to its origins and forward through the SDLC to link design documents, code fragments, and test artifacts.

A

traceability

CTS-285 (12 decks)

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