Chapter 2 - Analyzing Business Cases Flashcards
The process of identifying long-term organizational goals, strategies, and resource.
Strategic planning
A document or statement that describes the company for its stakeholders and briefly states the company’s overall purpose, products, services, and values.
mission statement
Vital objectives that must be achieved for the enterprise to fulfill its mission.
critical success factor
An examination of a company’s strengths (S), weaknesses (W), opportunities (O), and threats (T).
SWOT analysis
Refers to the reasons, or justification, for a proposal.
business case
A process where data is coded (converted into unreadable characters) so that only those with the required authorization can access the data. (usually via decoding software)
encryption
A mechanism used to uniquely identify a person by a retina scan or by mapping a facial pattern.
biometric devices
Technology that uses RFID tags to identify and monitor the movement of each individual product, from the factory floor to the retail checkout counter.
electronic product code (EPC)
Devices connected to one another over a computer network.
Internet-of-Things (IOT)
The exchange or delivery of information when and where it is needed. For example,________ inventory systems rely on computer-to-computer data exchange to minimize unnecessary inventory
just-in-time (JIT)
A distributed ledger system. The technology underlying Bitcoin.
Blockchain
Many companies implement systems to integrate all customer-related events and transactions including marketing, sales, and customer service activities.
customer relationship management (CRM)
A supplier uses RFID tags on each crate, case, or shipping unit to create a digital shipping list to verify receipt of goods.
electronic proof of delivery (EPOD)
A group of key managers and users responsible for evaluating systems requests. The term computer resources committee is sometimes also used.
systems review committee
A group of key managers and users responsible for evaluating systems requests. The term “systems review committee” is also used.
computer resources committee
A system that that will be used effectively after it has been developed.
Operational feasibility
Achieved if the projected benefits of the proposed system outweigh the estimated costs involved in acquiring, installing, and operating it.
Economic feasibility
A number used in assessing costs, which includes ongoing support and maintenance costs, as well as acquisition costs.
total cost of ownership (TCO)
Expenses that have a specific dollar value. Examples include employee salaries and hardware purchases.
Tangible costs
Items that are difficult to measure in dollar terms, such as employee dissatisfaction.
intangible costs
Positive outcomes that can be measured in dollars. They can result from a decrease in expenses, an increase in revenues, or both.
Tangible benefits
Positive outcomes that are difficult to measure in dollars. However, ____________ can be very important in the calculation of economic feasibility. An example of an intangible benefit might be a new website that improves a company’s image.
Intangible benefits
When an organization has the resources to develop or purchase, install, and operate the system.
Technical feasibility
A project can be implemented in an acceptable time frame.
Schedule feasibility
Where management has a choice in implementing a project, they are called ________. For example, creating a new report for a user is an example of a discretionary project.
discretionary projects
Where management has no choice in implementing a project, they are called ___________. For example, adding a report required by a new federal law.
nondiscretionary projects
An analysis tool that represents the possible causes of a problem as a graphical outline. Also called an Ishikawa diagram.
fishbone diagram
A specific determination of a project’s boundaries or extent.
project scope
The process by which projects with very general scope definitions expand gradually, without specific authorization.
project creep
A requirement or a condition that the system must satisfy or an outcome that the system must achieve.
constraint
A vertical bar graph named for a nineteenth century economist. The bars, which represent various causes of a problem, are arranged in descending order, so the team can focus on the most important causes.
Pareto chart
A tool used by system analysts to graphically show the correlation between two variables. Also called a scatter diagram.
XY chart
A tool used by system analysts to graphically show the correlation between two variables. Also called an XY chart.
scatter diagram
A part of the preliminary investigation report to management that summarizes project requests and makes specific recommendations.
case for action
