Chapter 6 — Nervous System Flashcards
function of the nervous system
controls & regulates all other organ systems
5 components of a neural circuit
sensory receptors sensory neurons interneurons motor neurons effectors
function of sensory receptors
monitors 1 specific variable or stimulus
sensory receptors can be ____ or _____
modified dendritic ends or receptor cells
3 qualities of sensory receptors
specificity
receptive field
transduction
define transduction
the receptor turns a stimulus into an electrical signal
receptors transduce a stimulus into a _____ ______
graded potential
a graded potential becomes an ______ ______ once it reaches the axon hillock
action potential
the action potential causes…
vesicles in the axon terminal to release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft
interneurons are found in the ____
CNS
functions of the interneuron
receives sensory information
processes information
creates a signal to send to effectors via motor neurons
function of motor neurons
conducts a signal from the CNS to the appropriate effector(s)
function of satellite cells
unknown
function of Schwann cells
myelination
function of myelin
increases AP conduction speed
function of astrocytes
control chemical exchange between capillaries and the interstitial fluid of the CNS
function of microglia
immune cells
break down waste materials
function of ependymal cells
line CSF filled cavities, contribute to CSF production, circulate CSF
function of oligodendrocytes
myelination
as GP reaches the axon hillock, _______ open
VG Na+ channels
Na+ causes the inner membrane charge to become_____
positive
as AP reaches the terminal end of the axon, ______ open
Ca+ channels
Ca+ causes…
vesicles to release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
after AP generation is finished…
Na+ gates close and K+ open, letting K+ out of the axon & dropping the charge
