chapter 6 - motivating employees Flashcards
definition:
motivation
reason why employees want to work hard and work efficiently for business
why do people work?
- money
- job satisfaction
- job security
- social needs
- self esteem needs
benefits of motivated employees
- high output produced
- low labour turnover rate
- low absenteeism rate
- willingness to accept change
- two way communication
- low rate strike action
motivation theories?
- F.W. Taylor
- Maslow
- Herzberg
F.W. Taylor
- money
- more they produce, more money they get
advantages and disadvantages of F.W. Taylor
advantages:
high output produced
incentive scheme to reward highly productive workers
disadvantages:
-quality may be compromised
-no guarantee of productivity rise (delay time to earn more)
Maslow
- physiological needs (basic requirements for survival)
- security needs (health and safety equipments provided)
- social needs (have good relationship with co-workers)
- self-esteem needs (given recognition, having status)
- self-actualisation needs (reach for full potential and be promoted)
advantages of Maslow
some rewards belong to more than one level, managers can identify level of motivation to reward employees
herzberg
basic needs
- security
- status
- work conditions
- relationship with subordinates and administration
- salary
psychological needs
- achievement
- promotion
- recognition
- personal growth
methods of motivation?
financial rewards: bonus profit sharing wages salaries commission
non-financial rewards: teamwork going training job rotation job enrichment opportunities for promotion
definition of:
wages
advantages and disadvantages?
payment for work, usually paid weekly
advantages:
- get paid regularly
- get paid overtime
disadvantages:
- employ wages clerk for this task
- wages calculated every week
definition of:
time rate
advantages and disadvantages?
amount paid to employee per hour of work
advantages:
-employees know how much they’re paid, easy to calculate
disadvantages:
- takes time, hours recorded in time sheet
- employ supervisor to ensure workers are working; expensive
- good and bad workers get paid the same
definition of:
piece rate
advantages and disadvantages?
amount paid to employee per unit of output
advantages:
-workers motivated to produce more
disadvantages:
- quality might be compromised
- workers who are careful with their task won’t earn as much as they’re rushed ; cause conflict
- machinery breaks down
definition of:
salaries
advances and disadvantages?
payment for work, usually paid monthly
advantages:
- only calculated once a month
- easy to calculate
- employee has money in bank longer
disadvantages:
- some prefer to be paid weekly
- no payment for extra hour worked; reluctant to work longer
definition of:
bonus
additional amount of payment above basic pay as a reward for good work
advantages:
-motivate workers to work harder
disadvantages:
-cause conflict, those who doesn’t get
definition of:
commission
advantages and disadvantages?
payment relating to num of sales made
advantages:
-encourage workers to sell more
disadvantages:
- competition to get the next customer
- no sales, stress
definition of:
profit sharing
advantages and disadvantages?
a proportion of company profit is paid to employees
advantages:
-motivate workers
disadvantages:
- higher paid workers receive higher p.s, lower paid workers receive lower p.s - conflict
- business makes low profit, disappointed
definition of:
job rotation
advantages and disadvantages?
involves workers swapping around and doing each other’s task for a limited time then changing around again
advantages:
- increase work variety, become more flexible and multi-skilled
- employees can fill in absent employees’ job, production won’t be disrupted
- workers won’t be bored
disadvantages:
- quality may be compromised
- takes time to move around
definition of:
job enrichment
advantages and disadvantages?
involves looking at jobs and adding tasks that require more skill and responsibility
advantages:
- challenging tasks makes them more skilled
- develop highly committed employees since they’re given more responsibility
- increase productivity
disadvantages:
- expensive for training
- stressful, handling more work, existing work affected
definition of:
team working
advantages and disadvantages?
using a group of workers and allocating tasks and responsibilities to them
advantages:
- improve morale, sense of belonging to company
- sharing of ideas, produce high quality work
- workers have control over their job, more committed
disadvantages:
- decision making takes longer
- disagreement
definition of:
training
advantages and disadvantages?
process of improving a worker’s skill
advantages:
- feel sense of achievement
- increase their contribution
- less risk of wasting resources
disadvantages:
-expensive
definition of:
promotion
advantages and disadvantages?
advancement of an employee to a higher managerial level
advantages:
- developed highly committed and motivated employees
- increase productivity
- familiar with business operation, easy to fulfil objectives of senior management
disadvantages:
-jealousy
roles of management?
planning coordinating commanding controlling organising
advantages for manager?
- less stress, work divided
- get to evaluate workers’ performance
advantages for subordinates?
- feel rewarded when given tasks
- sense of belonging
- diff tasks help build skills, set better opportunity for future
why manager don’t delegate?
- employees might perform better than them
- doesn’t trust employee to complete tasks, fail
importance of good manager
- able to give advice and guidance
- manage resources effectively
- increase profitable
