Chapter 6- Metabolism: energy and enzymes

Question 1

What are the 6 forms of energy?

Answer 1

Chemical
electrical
radiant
mechanical
nuclear
thermal

Question 2

What is the branch of chemistry concerned with energy changes?

Answer 2

thermodynamics

Question 3

what is the most convenient way of measuring energy?

Answer 3

heat

Question 4

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 4

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 5

What is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

Answer 5

entropy- some energy is always lost

Question 6

Do cells have a lot or little entropy?

Answer 6

little b/c they are organized

Question 7

What is a metabolic pathway?

Answer 7

A series of linked chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Question 8

What are the reactants, products, and intermediates called?

Answer 8

metabolites

Question 9

which reaction has more energy in the products than reactants, and requires energy input?

Answer 9

endergonic reaction

Question 10

Which reaction releases energy and products have less energy?

Answer 10

exergonic reaction

Question 11

What is a coupled reaction?

Answer 11

Exergonic reaction fuels endergonic reaction

Question 12

Where is the energy in ATP stored?

Answer 12

The last phosphate bond

Question 13

What is ATP composed of?

Answer 13

adenosine and 3 phosphates

Question 14

energy is released when ATP is broken down into?

Answer 14

ADP + P

Question 15

Almost all enzymes are what type of molecule?

Answer 15

protein

Question 16

What do enzymes do?

Answer 16

Speed up reactions by lowering the amount of energy required to initiate a reaction

Question 17

What is the active site?

Answer 17

pocket of enzyme where the substrate binds

Question 18

What is the change in an enzyme from the substrate binding somewhere other than the active site called?

Answer 18

allosterism

Question 19

What is allosteric inhibition?

Answer 19

Alosteric inhibitor binds and stabilizing enzyme, stopping it from forming products

Question 20

What are oxidation reduction reactions?

Answer 20

energy-releasing electron transfers- one molecule gives up electrons and one gains them

Question 21

Does oxidation occur when hydrogen is lost or gained?

Answer 21

Lost

Question 22

Is reduction gaining or losing an electron?

Answer 22

gaining