Chapter 6: Lecture 1 (Intro to Immunity) Flashcards
What composes innate immunity?
- Barrier Defense
- Cells: neutrophils, DC, NK
- Complement Proteins
What composes adaptive immunity?
Lymphocytes
What are examples of physical/chemical barries in the innate immunity system?
- Skin
- Cilia
- Saliva
- Tears
- Acid in stomach
What are examples of pattern recognition receptors?
- Toll like
- NOD like and inflammasome
- C type lectin
What is the goal of complement proteins?
- Opsonization: promotes phagocytosis
- Inflammation: recruit leukocytes
- Form MAC complex to destroy pathogen
Is innate immunity present at birth?
Yes
What are the generative organs of the adaptive immunity system?
- Bone Marrow: generates lymphocytes + B lymphocyte maturation
- Thymus: T lymphocyte maturation
What are the peripheral organs of the adaptive immunity system?
- Lymph nodes
- Spleen
- MALT: mucosa associated lymphoid tissues (tonsils, adenoid, Peyer’s patches)
In the thymus, where are immature and mature T cells found?
Periphery: immature T cells from bone marrow
Medulla: mature T cells that won’t attack self cells
What happens to lymphocytes in peripheral lymphoid tissue?
Lymphocytes react with APCs
- B cells differentiate into plasma cells
- T and B cell clonal expansion
What do MHC class I cells recognize? What processes them?
- Intracellular antigens: viral, tumor
- Processed by proteasomes
What do MHC class II cells recognize? What processes them?
- Extracellular antigens: bacterial, antigens
- Processed by endolysosomal enzymes
What are the different type of HLA?
HLA-A HLA-B HLA-C HLA-DP HLA-DQ HLA-DR
What is the clinical importance of HLA haplotypes?
Organ transplants
Associated autoimmune diseases
When APCs present peptide antigens, what do T cells do?
- Proliferation
- Differentiation
- Migration
- Killing
What do helper T cells do?
- Activate macrophages
- Inflammation
- Activate B and T lymphocytes
What do B cells do?
- Antibody production
2. Microbe destruction
What cytokines are needed for class switching in B cells?
IFN-gamma
IL-4
What is the first (and biggest) Ig produced?
IgM
What Ig has longest half life and important for fetal protection?
IgG
What is the role of IgA?
Mucosal defense
What is the role of IgE?
Regulates hypersensitivity reactions
How are NK cells regulated?
Present self class I MHC to prevent killing
What is clonal deletion?
Killing of lymphocytes that recognize self antigens
