Antibiotics: Part 3 Flashcards
Carbapenems:
Imp Drugs
Imipenem
Meropenem
Doripenem
Ertapenem
Carbapenems:
Mode of Action
Interfere w/ transpeptidation reaction to inhibit cell wall synthesis - kill cells during active bacterial growth
Carbapenems:
Mode of resistance
1) Porin channels
2) Upregulation of carbapenemases
Carbapenems:
Spectrum
Mostly everything, especially Gram negative
Not good:
- C diff
- MRSA
- Enteroccus faecium
Monobactams:
Imp Drugs
Aztreonam
Monobactams:
Mode of Action
Interfere w/ transpeptidation reaction to inhibit cell wall synthesis - kill cells during active bacterial growth
Monobactams:
Mode of Resistance
Beta lactamases
Monobactams:
Spectrum
Gram negative and aerobes
Glycopeptides:
Imp Drugs
Vancomycin
Glycopeptides:
Mode of Action
Bind cell wall precursor units
Glycopeptides:
Mode of Resistance
Changes in glycopeptide binding site
Glycopeptides:
Spectrum
Gram positive bacteria & resistant streptococci
Lipoglycopeptides:
Imp Drugs
Telavancin
Dalbavancin
Oritavancin
Lipoglycopeptides:
Mode of Action
Disrupt bacterial membrane
Lipoglycopeptides:
Mode of Resistance
Too big to penetrate Gram negaive bacteria
Lipoglycopeptides:
Spectrum
Glycopeptide resistant streptococci
Beta-lactamase inhibitors:
Imp Drugs
Tazobactam
Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Beta-lactamase inhibitors:
Mode of Action
Assist penicillins and cephalosporins to bind transpeptidase and inhibit cell wall synthesis
Beta-lactamase inhibitors:
Mode of Resistance
Not always 100% effective due to binding affinities
Oxazolidinones:
Imp Drugs
Linezolid
Tedizolid
Oxazolidinones:
Mode of Action
Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 50s subunit
Oxazolidinones:
Mode of Resistance
Point mutations on 23S rRNA
Oxazolidinones:
Spectrum
Gram positive bacteria
Antibiotic resistance bacteria
Which classes of drugs bind to 50s subunit?
Oxazolidinones
Macrolides
Ketolides
Streptogramins
