Chapter 6 key terms Flashcards
What if frequency of a wavelength?
v: the number of waves passing a given point per unit of time
Relationship between wavelength and frequency?
as wavelength increases, frequency decreases
What 3 observed properties associated with how atoms interact with electromagnetic radiation can’t be explained by waves?
1) the emission of light from hot objects (blackbody radiation)
2) the emission of electrons from metal surfaces on which light is shone(photoelectric effect)
3) emission of light from electronically excited gas (emission spectra)
Using Bohr model, what does a positive deltaE mean?
It means energy is absorbed, and so a photon is absorbed
Using Bohr’s model, what does a negative deltaE mean?
it means energy is released, and so a photon is emitted
2 important ideas from the Bohr Model?
1) electrons exist only in certain discrete energy levels, which are described by quantum numbers
2) energy is involved in the transition of an electron from one level to another
What is the uncertainty principle?
we can’t precisely know the momentum of the particle and the position–we can only precisely know one or the other
What 3 quantum numbers describe an orbital?
n, l, ml
What is the principle quantum number(n)?
describes the energy level on which the orbital resides
-they are positive numerical integers
What happens as n increases?
the orbitals become larger, the electron spends more time away from the nucleus, the electron has a higher energy, and the electron is less tightly bound to the nucleus
What is the Angular Momentum Quantum Number, I?
defines the shape of the orbital
I can be integers ranging from 0 to n-1
What is the Magnetic Quantum Number?
describes the 3-D orientation of the orbital
-can be any integer from -I to +I, including 0
I values in relation to orbital
s orbital, I=0
p orbital, I=1
d orbital, I=2
f orbital, I=3
What is the Spin Quantum Number, ms?
the spin of an electron describes its magnetic field, which affects its energy
-only allowed values are +1/2 and -1/2
-values are interchangeable
What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
No two electrons in the same atom can have the exact same energy and so every electron in an atom must differ by at least one of the 4 quantum number values
