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Psychology 4 > Chapter 6: Intro to Operant Conditioning > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Intro to Operant Conditioning Flashcards

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1
Q

Type of Conditioning…

  • Voluntary, Goal Oriented, and Controlled Response
  • Consequences affect future behaviors
A

Operant Conditioning

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2
Q

Thorndike’s Law of Effect

A
  • The idea of behaviors are “stamped in/out”

- Behaviors will be strengthen if outcome is rewarding and weaken if aversive

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3
Q

Skinner’s Selection by Consequences

A

A model in which living organism will perform actions based on its consequences.

Eg. Rats will press lever for food

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4
Q

A phrase referring to a specific consequences that follow a behavior

A

Operant Consequences

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5
Q

A consequence that will increase the likelihood of a behavior happening again

Eg. Lever push leads to food

A

Reinforcer

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6
Q

A consequence that will decrease the likelihood of a behavior happening again

A

Punisher

Eg. You tell an inappropriate joke at a party where people will frown at you. The punisher is a frown, decreases your likelihood of that joke being told again.

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7
Q

What is a reinforcement and punishment?

A

Process or procedure that alters probability of behavior based on the consequences of that behavior

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8
Q

What are the Three Terms Contingency?

A

*Hint: ABC

  • Antecedent
  • Behavior
  • Consequence
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9
Q

In Operant Conditioning, a stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement.

Eg. Your dog notices you’re eating something yummy

A

Discriminative Stimulus

Antecedent

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10
Q

Type of Discriminative Stimulus:

Free food sign at Costco

A

Discriminative Stimulus for Reinforcement

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11
Q

Type of Discriminative Stimulus:

  • A cop car with its light on
  • A cat being sprayed wit water
A

Discriminative Stimulus for Punishment

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12
Q

Type of Discriminative Stimulus:

If a buzzer is on and they press the lever, they won’t get food

A

Discriminative Stimulus for Extinction

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13
Q

Consequence

A

Reinforcer/Punisher

Eg. You end up giving the dog food (reinforcer)
Eg. You deny the dog food (punisher)

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14
Q

Term for presenting something

A

Positive

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15
Q

Term for removing something

A

Negative

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16
Q

To “present” something that will “increase” the chance of a behavior happening again

□ Ex. You compliment your girlfriend
® Consequence: She presents you a smiles and kiss you

□ Ex. You study really hard for your midterm
® Consequence: You have been presented with a good grade

A

Positive Reinforcement

17
Q

To “remove” something that will “increase” the chance of a behavior happening again

□ Ex. You take medicine because of your headache
® Consequence: You remove your headache as a result

A

Negative Reinforcement

18
Q

To “present” something negative to try to “decrease” the chance of such behavior happening again

□ Ex. You talk back to your parents
® Consequence: You get into huge trouble and your parents get mad at you (Presents anger)
® Consequence: Presents the kid with spanking

A

Positive Punishment

19
Q

To “remove” something to try to “decrease” the chance of such behavior happening again

□ Ex. You come home after curfew
® Consequence: Your parents remove/take away your car privileges

A

Negative Punishment

20
Q

Which is stronger?

Immediate vs Delayed Reinforcement

A

Immediate

21
Q

Type of Reinforcer:

Innate and unconditioned, born with it

Eg. The want for water, food, air, sexual contact

A

Primary Reinforcer

22
Q

Type of Reinforcer:

Conditioned and learned due to your environment, reinforced through experiences

Ex. The want for a good car, earning a lot of money, good grades

A

Secondary Reinforcer

23
Q

Type of Reinforcement:

Do from within (just for yourself)

Eg. You are motivated to study as hard as you can to learn

A

Intrinsic Reinforcement

24
Q

Type of Reinforcement:

Not from within, something else outside motivates you

Eg. You can care less if you learned something, all you care about is getting A’s

A

Extrinsic Reinforcement

25
Q

Type of Reinforcer:

Something expected that reinforces you

Eg. You get MVP for throwing most strike out

A

Natural Reinforcer

26
Q

Type of Reinforcer:

Something that is artificially created (isn’t expected) that reinforces you

Eg. You get a bonus for throwing the most strike out

A

Contrived Reinforcer

27
Q

Word for presenting a reward every time they are doing something good.

Eg. Food, clicker, affection

A

Shaping

Psychology 4 (9 decks)

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