Chapter 5: Applications of Classical Conditioning Flashcards
A model that assumes that the NS becomes directly associated with the US and therefore comes to elicit a response that is related to that US.
Tone (NS) + Food (US) = Salivation (UR)
Tone == Food
S-S
Stimulus-Stimulus Model
Tone (NS) + Food (US) = Salivation (UR)
Tone == Food
S-S
Stimulus-Stimulus
Tone (NS) + Food (US) = Salivation (UR)
Tone == Salivation
S-R
Stimulus-Response
Condition Stimulus substitutes for Unconditioned Stimulus
Backed up by S-S
Stimulus-Substitution Theory
The purpose of the conditioned response is to prepare the organism for the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus
Preparatory-Response Theory
A model that assumes that the NS becomes directly associated with the UR and therefore comes to elicit the same response as the UR.
Tone (NS) + Food (US) = Salivation (UR)
Tone == Salivation
S-R
Stimulus-Response Model
Condition Stimulus acts as a substitutes for Unconditioned Stimulus
Backed up by S-S
Stimulus-Substitution Theory
The purpose of the conditioned response is to prepare the organism for the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus
Preparatory-Response Theory
A model that proposes that the compensatory after-reactions to a US may come to be elicited by a CS.
- When CR ≠ UR and CR is compensatory
- Opponent process that counteracts the effect of US (drug)
Compensatory-Response Model
A conditioned response performed by the body to compensate excess drug (counteract drug’s effect)
Tolerance
An environment that acts as a condition stimulus which leads to conditioned response (tolerance)
Novel Environment
Irrational fear of object or situation
Phobia
Learning through watching others’ fear
Observational Learning
Genetic disposition affects acquisition of fear
Temperament
Species are more prepared to learn certain associations over others for our survival
Preparedness
Sense of control lessens traumatic effects of scary stimuli
History of Control
Fear responses strengthened by repeated, brief exposures to the aversive condition stimulus. Fear less likely to go away if you avoid your fear.
Incubation
Fear responses strengthened by repeated, brief exposures to the aversive condition stimulus. Fear less likely to go away if you avoid your fear.
Incubation
An increase in one’s reactivity to a potentially fearful stimulus following exposure to an unrelated stressful event.
Selective Sensitization
Reducing sensitization through a system.
Eg. Bringing snake closer, deep breath, bringing closer so they get comfortable with it
Systematic Desensitization
Counteracting the conditioning by doing something to pair phobia with something positive
Eg. Eating candy while seeing a snake
Counterconditioning
Prolong exposure to prevent incubation
Eg. Drop 500 green dolls onto you (panic attack)
Flooding
Using a combination of all methods to treat phobias
Hybrid Approach
A therapy to eliminate behavior problem. Reducing attractiveness of desired event/object by associating it with something aversive.
Eg. Like biting your nails? Paint them with something that taste nasty.
Aversion Therapy
A type of aversion therapy that is less effective than vivo (real life). You pretend the whole scenario in your mind.
Covert Aversion Therapy
If you constantly go to a hospital to get injected with a drug that affect your immune system, the hospital will now be a condition stimulus that triggers your immune system
Immune System Functioning
A treatment where you take a fake drug and you think you’re improving. Repeated administration reduces effectiveness.
Placebo
