Chapter 6 intercom Flashcards
nonverbal communication
communicating without words; messages expressed by nonlinguistic means - sighs, laughs, body language, volume, etc
purposes of nonverbal communication
identity management, define the kind of relationship you have with others, convey emotions; also functions as repeating, complementing, substituting, accenting, regulating, and contradicting
leakage
inadvertent signs of deception; comes through in nonverbal com
monochronic
emphasizing punctuality, schedules, and completing one task at a time; ie, North American, German, and Swiss
polychonic
flexible schedules in which multiple tasks are pursued at the same time; ie, South American, Mediterranean, and Arab
kinesics
body position and motion
body orientation
the degree to which we face toward or away from someone with our body, feet, and head.
gestures
movements of the hands and arms; so basic to our nature that even people who are sight-impaired from birth use them.
illustrators
movements that accompany speech but don’t stand on their own
emblems
deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have a precise meaning, known to virtually everyone within a cultural group; can stand on their own and often function as replacements for words
adaptors
unconscious bodily movements in response to the environment - shivering, folding arms to get warmer.
manipulators
often a sign of discomfort; fiddling hands or rubbing arms during interview
microexpressions
fleeting facial expressions; shown in a slow motion film
genuine facial expressions
usually last for no longer than five seconds - anything more and we start to doubt they are real
paralanguage
nonverbal, vocal messages; the way the message is spoken conveys a message by how emphasis is placed; also tone, rate, pitch, volume, even pauses
unintentional pause
when people stop to collect their thoughts before deciding how to best continue their verbal message
vocalized paus
disfluencies such as um, er, uh, to filler words that are used habitually - okay, yeah, like, ya know; research shows that these reduce a person’s perceived credibility and negatively affect perceptions of candidates in job interviews.
sarcasm
one instance in which we use both emphasis and tone of voice to change a statement’s meaning to the opposite of its verbal message
haptics
the study of touching in social science and how it communicates many messages and signal a variety of relationships
proxemics
the study of the way people and animals use space; at least two dimensions - distance and territoriality
chronemics
the study of how humans use and structure time
