Chapter 6 intercom

Question 1

nonverbal communication

Answer 1

communicating without words; messages expressed by nonlinguistic means - sighs, laughs, body language, volume, etc

Question 2

purposes of nonverbal communication

Answer 2

identity management, define the kind of relationship you have with others, convey emotions; also functions as repeating, complementing, substituting, accenting, regulating, and contradicting

Question 3

leakage

Answer 3

inadvertent signs of deception; comes through in nonverbal com

Question 4

monochronic

Answer 4

emphasizing punctuality, schedules, and completing one task at a time; ie, North American, German, and Swiss

Question 5

polychonic

Answer 5

flexible schedules in which multiple tasks are pursued at the same time; ie, South American, Mediterranean, and Arab

Question 6

kinesics

Answer 6

body position and motion

Question 7

body orientation

Answer 7

the degree to which we face toward or away from someone with our body, feet, and head.

Question 8

gestures

Answer 8

movements of the hands and arms; so basic to our nature that even people who are sight-impaired from birth use them.

Question 9

illustrators

Answer 9

movements that accompany speech but don’t stand on their own

Question 10

emblems

Answer 10

deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have a precise meaning, known to virtually everyone within a cultural group; can stand on their own and often function as replacements for words

Question 11

adaptors

Answer 11

unconscious bodily movements in response to the environment - shivering, folding arms to get warmer.

Question 12

manipulators

Answer 12

often a sign of discomfort; fiddling hands or rubbing arms during interview

Question 13

microexpressions

Answer 13

fleeting facial expressions; shown in a slow motion film

Question 14

genuine facial expressions

Answer 14

usually last for no longer than five seconds - anything more and we start to doubt they are real

Question 15

paralanguage

Answer 15

nonverbal, vocal messages; the way the message is spoken conveys a message by how emphasis is placed; also tone, rate, pitch, volume, even pauses

Question 16

unintentional pause

Answer 16

when people stop to collect their thoughts before deciding how to best continue their verbal message

Question 17

vocalized paus

Answer 17

disfluencies such as um, er, uh, to filler words that are used habitually - okay, yeah, like, ya know; research shows that these reduce a person’s perceived credibility and negatively affect perceptions of candidates in job interviews.

Question 18

sarcasm

Answer 18

one instance in which we use both emphasis and tone of voice to change a statement’s meaning to the opposite of its verbal message

Question 19

haptics

Answer 19

the study of touching in social science and how it communicates many messages and signal a variety of relationships

Question 20

proxemics

Answer 20

the study of the way people and animals use space; at least two dimensions - distance and territoriality

Question 21

chronemics

Answer 21

the study of how humans use and structure time