Chapter 6: Data Flashcards
Transactional Information
Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks
Analytical Information
Encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks
Real Time Information
Immediate up to date information
Real Time System
Provides real time information in response to requests
Low Quality Information
Missing information, incomplete information, duplicate information, wrong information, inaccurate information, incomplete information
Database
Maintains information about various types of objects, events, people, and places
Database Management Systems
Allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database
Data Model
Logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures
Metadata
Details about data
Data Dictionary
Compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model
Entity
A person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
Attribute
The data elements associated with an entity
Record
A collection of related data elements
Primary Key
A field that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
Foreign Key
A primary Key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
Physical View
Deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device
Logical View
Focuses on how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs
Scalability
Refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands
Performance
Measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction
Information Redundancy
The duplication of data or storing the same information in multiple places
Information Integrity
Measures the quality of information
Integrity Constraint
Rules that help ensure the quality of information
Password
Provides authentication of the user
Access Level
Determines who has access to the different types of information
Access Control
Determines types of user access, such as read only access
Data Warehouse
A logical collection information that supports business analysis activities and decision making tasks
Extraction, Transformation, and Loading
A process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads the information into a data warehouse
Data Mart
Contains a subset of data warehouse information
Information Cleansing or Scrubbing
A process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information
Data Mining
The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone. Advanced methods for exploring patterns and modeling relationships in large amounts of data
Structured Data
Contains a defined length, type, and format and includes numbers, dates, or strings
Unstructured Data
Not defined, does not follow a specified format, and is typically free form text such as emails and text messages
Big Data
A collection of large complex data sets including structured and unstructured data which can’t be analyzed using traditional database methods and tools
