Chapter 6--cells

Question 0

Basic features of all cells

Answer 0

A. Plasmamembrane
B. Cytoskeleton
C. Chromosomes
D. Ribosomes

Question 1

Cell fractionation

Answer 1

Takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from one another

Question 2

Characteristics of a prokaryote

Answer 2

A. No nucleus
B. DNA in a nucleoid
C. No membrane-bound organelles
D. Cytoplasm

Question 3

Characteristics of eukaryotes

Answer 3

A. DNA in a nucleus bond by a membranous nuclear envelope
B. Membrane bound organelles
C. Cytoplasm between nucleus and plasma membrane
D. Generally much larger than prokaryotic cells

Question 4

Characteristics of a nucleus

Answer 4

A. Holds the genetic material
B. Enclosed in a nuclear envelope
C. Nuclear lamina

Question 5

Nuclear lamina

Answer 5

Keeps the structure of the nucleus

Question 6

Endomembrane system

Answer 6

A. Nuclear envelope
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosomes(vesicles)
E. Plasma membrane

Question 7

Vesicles

Answer 7

Transport pods in the cell

Question 8

Phagocytosis

Answer 8

Cells engulfing other cells

Question 9

Autophagy

Answer 9

Breaking down a different organelle

Question 10

Food vacoules

Answer 10

Formed from phagocytosis

Question 11

Contractile vacuoles

Answer 11

Pump water in and out of the cell

Question 12

Central vacuoles

Answer 12

Hold nutrients and water

Question 13

Peroxisomes

Answer 13

Metabolic compartments bounded by a single membrane which produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water

Question 14

Mitochondria

Answer 14

Site of cellular respiration with two membranes and DNA

Question 15

Cellular respiration

Answer 15

Metabolic process that uses oxygen and creates ATP (adenisine triphosphate)

Question 16

Chloroplasts

Answer 16

A type of plasmid in plant cells that produces energy and included ribosomes, DNA, and has 2 membranes

Question 17

Granum

Answer 17

Stacks of thylakoids in the chloroplast

Question 18

Stroma

Answer 18

The fluid in the chloroplast

Question 19

Cytoskeleton components

Answer 19

A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Centrosomes and centrioles

Question 20

Microtubules

Answer 20

Responsible for mobility

Question 21

Motor protein

Answer 21

Travels on the microtubules. It uses ATP. This is how vesicles get around the cell

Question 22

Microfilaments

Answer 22

Responsible for the cell shape and structure

Question 23

Intermediate filaments

Answer 23

Responsible for organelle placement and anchoring

Question 24

Centrosomes and centrioles

Answer 24

A Centrosome is a pair of centrioles. Responsible for the formation of microtubules, and is made up of microtubules

Question 25

Extracellular matrix

Answer 25

Anything outside of the cell. Used for, support, adhesion, movement, regulation

Question 26

Cell junctions

Answer 26

Between the cells.
In plants, plasmodesmota.
In animal, gap junctions, tight junction, and desmosomes.

Question 27

Plasmodesmata

Answer 27

Channel in between cells that exchanges nutrients

Question 28

Gap junction

Answer 28

Channel in between cells that exchanges nutrients

Question 29

Tight junction

Answer 29

Space between the cells

Question 30

Desmosome

Answer 30

Holds together two separate cells