Chapter 5--polymers And Monomers

Question 0

Monomers

Answer 0

Small building blocks of molecules

Question 1

Polymer

Answer 1

Chain of monomers

Question 2

Dehydrogen reaction

Answer 2

Takes away water

Question 3

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 3

Adds water in the reaction

Question 4

Carbohydrates

Answer 4

Made of sugars

Question 5

Monosaccharide

Answer 5

Single sugar. Carbohydrate’s monomer

Question 6

Polysaccharide

Answer 6

Many sugars. Carbohydrate’s polymer. Responsible for storage and structure

Question 7

Disaccharide

Answer 7

2 sugars

Question 8

Glycosidic linkage

Answer 8

Alpha and beta linkages between carbohydrates

Question 9

Alpha glycosidic linkage

Answer 9

On the same side of the molecule. In plant cells. An example if a Cis-molecule

Question 10

Beta glycosidic linkage

Answer 10

Different sides of the molecule. In animal cells. An example of a trans-molecule

Question 11

Lipids

Answer 11

Class of large biological molecules which DO NOT FORM POLYMERS

Question 12

Glycerol

Answer 12

Three carbons with a hydroxyl group attached to each carbon

Question 13

Fatty acid

Answer 13

Carboxyl group attached to large carbon groups

Question 14

Ester linkage

Answer 14

The link between fats

Question 15

Saturated fat

Answer 15

As many hydrogens as possible (i.e. No double bonds)

Question 16

Unsaturated fat

Answer 16

Has a double bond (or multiple), so it doesn’t have all the hydrogens that it could

Question 17

Phospholipid

Answer 17

Two fatty acids and a phosphate attached to a glycerol. The phosphate group is hydrophilic, tails are hydrophobic

Question 18

Enzyme

Answer 18

Protein that acts as a catalyst. It makes and breaks bonds

Question 19

Peptide linkages

Answer 19

The link between proteins

Question 20

Amino acid

Answer 20

Monomer of protein. 20 types. Classified by their r group

Question 21

Primary structure (1°)

Answer 21

Depends on the amino acid sequence

Question 22

Secondary structure (2°)

Answer 22

α helix or pleats

Question 23

Tertiary structure (3°)

Answer 23

Interaction of 2°

Question 24

Quaternary structure (4°)

Answer 24

Interaction of 3°

Question 25

Denaturation

Answer 25

Loss of protein’s native structure

Question 26

Renaturation

Answer 26

Chaparonins are a molecule that folds the protein

Question 27

Nucleic acids

Answer 27

Adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil

Question 28

Purines

Answer 28

Adenine, guanine

Question 29

Pyrimidines

Answer 29

Cytosine, thymine, uracil(RNA)

Question 30

Difference between RNA and DNA

Answer 30

A. Sugar
B. Double helix vs. single helix
C. U vs. T