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Emt Training Class 29 > Chapter 6 Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Clavicle

A

Collarbone

Located anteriorly

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2
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

Located posteriorly

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3
Q

Acromion process

A

Of the Scapula is the highest portion of the shoulder

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4
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

A

Where acromion process and clavicle join

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5
Q

Humerus

A

The bone of upper arm between shoulder and the elbow

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6
Q

Radius and ulna

A

Radius - lateral bone of forearm

Ulna - medial bone of forearm

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7
Q

Carpals

A

The wrist bones

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8
Q

Metacarpals

A

Bones of the hand

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9
Q

Phalanges

A

Finger bones or toe bones

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10
Q

Femur

A

The large bone of the thigh

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11
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap

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12
Q

Tibia

A

Medial and larger bone of the lower leg

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13
Q

Fibula

A

The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

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14
Q

Malleolus

A

Ankle bone - protrusions on side of ankles

There’s the •lateral malleolus and •medial malleolus

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15
Q

Tarsals

A

Ankle bones

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16
Q

Matatarsals

A

Foot bones

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17
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone

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18
Q

Joints

A

The point where two bones come together

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19
Q

Voluntary muscles

A

Skeletal muscles - Muscles that can be consciously controlled

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20
Q

Involuntary muscles

A

Smooth muscle - muscle that responds automaticallyTo brain signals but cannot be consciously control

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21
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Specialized involuntary muscle found only in the heart

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22
Q

Automaticity

A

The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own

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23
Q

Respiratory system

A

The system of both nasopharynx, oropharynx, trachea, bronchi and alveoli that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide also called the pulmonary system

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24
Q

Ventilation

A

The process of moving gases between inhaled air in the pulmonary circulation of blood

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25
Q

Respiration

A

The exchange of gases.

Both in the lungs and at the body’s cells is critical to support life

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26
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

The system made up of the heart (Cardio) and the blood vessels (Vascular) Also called circulatory system

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27
Q

Atria

A

The two upper chambers of the heart. There is the right atrium which receives deoxygenated blood returning from the body and
the left atrium which receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs

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28
Q

Ventricles

A

The two lower chambers of the heart there is a right ventricle
(which sends oxygen poor blood to the lungs)
and a left ventricle (which sends oxygen rich blood to the body)

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29
Q

Venae cavae

A

Superior and the inferior vena cavae Are two large veins that return blood to the heart

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30
Q

Artery

A

Any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart

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31
Q

Coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart

32
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

The vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs the left atrium of the heart

33
Q

Vein

A

Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart

34
Q

venule

A

The smallest kind of vein

35
Q

Aorta

A

The largest artery in the body

36
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

The vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

37
Q

Carotid artery

A

Major artery of the neck

38
Q

Femoral artery

A

Major artery supplying the legs

39
Q

Brachial artery

A

Artery of the upper arm, the site of the pulse checked during infancy CPR

40
Q

Radial artery

A

Artery of the lower arm; artery felt when taking the pulse at the Thumb side of the wrist

41
Q

Posterior tibial artery

A

Arteries supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle (malleolus)

42
Q

Arteriole

A

Smallest kind of artery

43
Q

Capillary

A

Tiny blood vessel’s where gases nutrients and waste products exchange between the body cells and the bloodstream

44
Q

Composition of blood

A
  • Plasma
  • Red and White Blood Cells
  • platelets
45
Q

Blood pressure

A

The pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of blood vessels. Usually arterial blood pressure is measured

46
Q

Systolic blood pressure

A

The pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation

47
Q

Diastolic Blood pressure

A

The pressure in the arteries When the left ventricle is refilling.

48
Q

Perfusion

A

The supply of oxygen and nutrients to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through capillaries

49
Q

hypoperfusion

A

In ability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. A life-threatening condition also called shock

50
Q

Lymphatic system

A

The system composed of organs tissues and vessels that help to maintain the fluid balance of the body and contribute to the bodies immune system

51
Q

Nervous system

A

The system of brain,spinal cord and nerves that govern sensations movement and thought

52
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Composed of the brain and spinal cord

53
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

The nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord
Two types: Sensory and motor

54
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions

55
Q

Mouth and esophagus

A

Only parts of the digestive system that is not in the abdominal cavity

56
Q

Stomach

A

Part of Digestion System

Between esophagus and small intestines where digestion begins

57
Q

Small intestines

A

Part of digestion system
Between stomach and large intestines
- divides into Duodenum, Jejunum and ileum
Receives partially digested food and continues.
- Nutrients absorbed by body through its walls

58
Q

Large intestines

A

Part of digestion system

Removes water from waste products then moved to Colon

59
Q

Liver

A

Part of digestion system

  • produces bile which is excreted into small intestines
  • assists in breakdown of fats
60
Q

Gallbladder

A

Part of Digestive System

Storage system for bike from the Liver

61
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A

Wing shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adam’s apple

62
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

A ring shaped structure
Forms the lower portion of the larynx
Has 16 C shaped rings

63
Q

Pharynx

A

The area directly posterior to the mouth and nose. It is made up of the oropharynx and a nasopharynx

64
Q

Larynx

A

The voicebox

65
Q

Trachea

A

The wind pipe, the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs

66
Q

Bronchi

A

The two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the Longs. There are right and left bronchi

67
Q

Diaphragm

A

The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity a major muscle of respiration

68
Q

Intercostal muscles

A

The muscles of the rib cage with the help of the diaphragm that help with inhalation and exhalation

69
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces a hormone called insulin

70
Q

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

A

Artery that lies on top of foot lateral two large tendon of big toe

71
Q

Cardiac conduction system

A

System of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat

72
Q

Sinoatrial node

A

Main pacemaker for the heart

73
Q

Atrioventricular node

A

Secondary pacemaker in heart

74
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid portion in blood vessels

75
Q

Red blood cells

A

Carry oxygen

76
Q

White blood cells

A

Aid immune system, Produce anti-bodies and destroy germs

77
Q

Plateletes

A

Aid in clotting

Emt Training Class 29 (23 decks)

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