Chapter 6;A Tour of the Cell

Question 0

Organelle

Answer 0

Part of the cell with a specific purpose

Question 1

Cell theory

Answer 1

• all living things are composed of cells -cells are the basic unit of structure in living things
• all cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 2

Plasma membrane

Answer 2

Thin outer boundary of a cell that regulates the traffic of chemicals between the cell and its surroundings

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

The part of the cell that houses the organelles genetic material in the form of DNA

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

Region of the cell between the nucleus and the plasma membrane

Question 5

Cell wall

Answer 5

Strong wall outside ap plant cells membrane that protects the cell and maintains shape

Question 6

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 6

Cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles

Question 7

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 7

Cell with a nucleus and other internal organelles

Question 8

Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 8

Two layer sandwich of molecules that surrounds the cell

Question 9

Diffusion

Answer 9

Net movement of the particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less

Question 10

Equilibrium

Answer 10

Point at which the number of diffusing molecules moving in one direction is equal to the number moving in the opposite direction

Question 11

Selectively permeable membrane

Answer 11

Membrane that allows some substances to pass through more easily than others and block some altogether

Question 12

Passive transport

Answer 12

Diffusion across a membrane that doesn’t require any energy

Question 13

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 13

Pathway provided by transport proteins that help certain molecules pass through a membrane

Question 14

Osmosis

Answer 14

Passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 15

Hypertonic

Answer 15

Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution

Question 16

Hypotonic

Answer 16

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution

Question 17

Isotonic

Answer 17

Having a solute concentration equal to that of another solute

Question 18

Active transport

Answer 18

Movement of molecules across a membrane that requires energy

Question 19

Vesicle

Answer 19

Small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products

Question 20

Exocytosis

Answer 20

Process of exporting proteins from a cell by a vesicle fusing with the membrane

Question 21

Endocytosis

Answer 21

Process of taking material into a cell within vesicles

Question 22

Nuclear envelope

Answer 22

Double membrane that surrounds the cell nucleus

Question 23

Nucleolus

Answer 23

Ball like mass of fibers and granules in a cell nucleus

Question 24

Ribosome

Answer 24

Cluster of proteins and nucleic acids that construct proteins

Question 25

Endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.)

Answer 25

Network of membranes within a cell cytoplasm that produce a variety of molecules

Question 26

Golgi apparatus

Answer 26

Cellular organelle that modifies, stores and routes cell products

Question 27

Vacuole

Answer 27

Membrane-bound sac that buds from the ER or Golgi

Question 28

Lysosome

Answer 28

Membrane-bound sac containing digestive enzymes that can break down proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides

Question 29

Chloroplast

Answer 29

Organelle found in some plant cells where photosynthesis takes place

Question 30

Mitochondria

Answer 30

Cellular organelles where cellular respiration occurs

Question 31

ATP

Answer 31

Main energy source that cells use for most of their work

Question 32

Cytoskeleton

Answer 32

Organelle made of microtubules and microvillus that help other organelles move

Question 33

Flagella

Answer 33

Long thin whip-like structures made of microtubules that help the cell move

Question 34

Cilia

Answer 34

Short structures projecting from a cell that help a cell move