Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NASM EXAM > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

What shouldn’t be done by a PT

A

Counseling clients
Diagnosing of conditions or injuries
Rehab or physical therapy
Providing meal plans or detailed diets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should be done by a PT

A

You should coach clients
You should identify your client’s limits and past injuries
Recommend a physician for medical advice
You can provide general knowledge on nutrition but should refer a nutritional list or dietitian for more specific needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Objective information

A 
Blood pressure
Cardio assessments
Postural assessments
Performance assessments
Body analysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Subjective information

A

Clients occupation
Hobbies, general diet, and lifestyle
Personal information
A brief medical history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PAR-Q (physical activity readiness questionnaire)

A

created to help get specific answers on the health history of a new client. This helps determine possible risks of training with a client. If a new client answers yes to any of the questions on this, they will need to get written permission from their doctor in order to start training with you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

client’s occupation imbalance problems

A

1: Excessive sitting can cause rounding of the upper back and tight hip flexor’s
2: Wearing high heels excessively can cause tightness in the muscles of the calves.
3: Repetitive overhead movements experienced by construction workers, volleyball players or electricians can cause impingement in the shoulders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Common medications and heart rate/blood pressure

A 
Beta-blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Digitalis
Thyroid medications
Diuretics
Nitrates
Bronchodilators
Vasodilators
Antidepressants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The predicted maximum heart rate equation

A

220-age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Training zone 1

A

This helps to build your client’s aerobic base and will aid in recovery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Training zone 2

A

This helps to build your client’s aerobic endurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Training zone 3

A

This helps your client build high-end work capacity (primarily anaerobic).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Body composition assessments

A

Underwater weighing
Bioelectrical impedance
Skinfold tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Circumference measurements locations

A 
Upper arms
Neck
Calves
Chest
Thighs
Hips
Waist
Forearms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

BMI (Body mass index) formula

A

Weight (kg) / Height (m2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

BMI (Body mass index) ranges

A

<18.5 = Underweight

18.5 to 24.9 = Healthy

25 to 29.9 = Overweight

30 to 34.9 = Obese

> 35 = Severe obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pronation distortion syndrome

A

This is characterized as having flattened feet and abducted knees. This can lead to pain in the lower back/lower extremities as well as injuries. It is very common for ACL injuries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lower crossed syndrome

A

This is a postural distortion syndrome that is characterized by an anterior tilt of the pelvis or lower back.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Upper crossed syndrome

A

This is characterized by a forward head posture and rounded shoulders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What can be caused by Injuries or past surgery if not properly rehabilitated?

A

Pain, inflammation, and increased risk of re-injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Contraindicated

A

Something specifically detrimental to an individual due to a special need or chronic condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What position is contraindicated for individuals with high blood pressure?

A

Supine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 5 types of objective assessments that can be performed with clients as part of a comprehensive fitness assessment?

A

Physiological, postural, performance, body composition, cardiorespiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Systolic (top number of blood pressure reading)

A

The pressure within the arterial system after the heart contracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Diastolic (bottom number of blood pressure reading)

A

The pressure within the arterial system when the heart is resting and filling with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the at-risk waist-to-hip ratio for females?

A

0.8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the at-risk waist-to-hip ratio for males?

A

0.95

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the typical body fat percentage for healthy, active men?

A

10-20%

28
Q

What is the typical body fat percentage for healthy, active women?

A

20-30%

29
Q

What are the two common sub-maximal assessments that measure cardiorespiratory capability?

A

YMCA 3-minute step test and Rockport walk test

30
Q

A zone of cardiorespiratory training when a client scores poor or fair during submaximal cardio assessments

A

Zone 1

31
Q

What is the regression formula for determining HRmax?

A

208 - (0.7 x age)

32
Q

What are the criteria for performing the 3-minute step test?

A

96 steps per minute, on a 12 inch step, for 3 minutes. Take pulse for 60 seconds within 5 seconds of completing the exercise.

33
Q

What is the percentage range of HRmax for training zone 1?

A

65-75%

34
Q

What is the percentage range of HRmax for training zone 2?

A

76-85%

35
Q

What is the percentage range of HRmax for training zone 3?

A

86-95%

36
Q

What is the technique for performing the Rockport walk test?

A

Record client’s weight, have client walk 1 mile as fast as they can without breaking into a jog, record the time it takes to complete the walk, record the recovery pulse for 1 minute, use formula to determine VO2 score, align to heart rate zone

37
Q

Assessments that measure upper extremity neuromuscular efficiency

A

Pushing and pulling assessment

38
Q

What develops when the structural integrity of the body has been compromised as a result of a disruption in one or more of the components of the kinetic chain?

A

Postural distortion patterns

39
Q

Which muscles could possibly be tight or overactive if a client demonstrates feet turning out during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, biceps femoris

40
Q

Which muscles are overactive if the client’s knees move inward?

A

Adductor complex, biceps femoris, TFL, vastus lateralis

41
Q

Which muscles are overactive if a client’s low back arches during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Hip flexor complex and erector spinae

42
Q

Which muscles are underactive if a client’s feet turn out during an overhead squat assessment?

A

Medial gastrocnemius, medial hamstring, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus

43
Q

Which muscles are underactive when a client’s arms fall forward during an overhead squat assessment?

A

Middle/lower trapezius, rhomboids, rotator cuff

44
Q

Which muscles are overactive when a client’s head protrudes forward during a pushing assessment?

A

Upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, levator scapulae

45
Q

Which muscles are underactive when a client’s head protrudes forward during a pulling assessment?

A

Deep cervical flexors

46
Q

What strengthening exercise is recommended when a client’s feet turn out on the overhead squat assessment?

A

Single-leg balance reach

47
Q

What strengthening exercise is recommended for an elevated shoulder movement compensation during the pushing assessment?

A

ball cobra

48
Q

What muscles are most appropriate to stretch for a client whose arms fall forward during an overhead squat assessment?

A

Latissimus dorsi, thoracic spine, pectorals

49
Q

What muscles are most appropriate to stretch for a client who exhibits an arched lower back during an overhead squat assessment?

A

Hip flexor complex, latissimus dorsi, erector spinae

50
Q

Which muscles should be foam rolled when a client exhibits an excessive forward lean?

A

Hip flexor complex, gastrocnemius, soleus

51
Q

Which muscles are underactive when a client’s knees move inward during a single-leg squat assessment?

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, vastus medialis oblique

52
Q

What is a recommended strengthening exercise for a client who exhibits arms falling forward during an overhead squat assessment?

A

Squat to row

53
Q

The alignment of the musculoskeletal system, which allows our center of gravity to be maintained over a base of support

A

Structural efficiency

54
Q

Which muscles are overactive in low back arches movement compensation?

A

Hip flexor complex, erector spinae, and latissimus dorsi

55
Q

What is the tempo for a pulling assessment?

A

perform it controlled

56
Q

What movement compensations can be observed during pushing assessment?

A

low back arches, shoulder elevation, head protrudes

57
Q

Which muscles are underactive when the shoulders elevate in a pushing assessment?

A

Middle and lower trapezius

58
Q

What are the dynamic postural assessments (movement)?

A

overhead squat assessment; single-leg squat assessment; pushing assessment; pulling assessment

59
Q

What movement compensations observed when the abdominal complex is overactive?

A

excessive forward lean

60
Q

What movement compensations can overactive biceps femoris cause in the overhead squat assessment?

A

Feet turn out and knees move inward

61
Q

What is a corrective strategy for knees move inward (as seen in the overhead squat assessment)?

A

tube walking

62
Q

What is a corrective strategy for feet turning out on overhead squat assessment?

A

single leg balance reach

63
Q

Which muscles are underactive with an excessive forward lean?

A

Anterior tibialis, gluteus maximus, erector spinae

64
Q

What movement compensations are observed with an overactive TFL?

A

Knees move inward, excessive forward lean, low back arches. note: part of the hip flexor complex

65
Q

What is a corrective strategy for low back arches, as seen in an overhead squat assessment?

A

Ball squat

NASM EXAM (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions