Chapter 6 Flashcards
how many major bones are there in a typical adult human skeleton?
206
what is an example of a short bone?
carpal bones; tarsal bones
what is an example of a sesamoid bone?
patella
what is an example of an irregular bone?
spinal vertebra; the bones of the pelvis
what is an example of a long bone?
femur, humerus
where are sutural bones located?
skull
what is an example of a flat bone?
parietal bone
what are the characteristics of flat bones?
-thin, roughly parallel surfaces -flat bones form the roof of the skull, the sternum, the ribs, and the scapulae -protect underlying soft tissues and have an extensive surface area for the attachment of skeletal muscles
what are sutural bones also known as?
Wormian bones
what are the characteristics of sutural bones?
-small, flat, irregularly shaped bones between the flat bones of the skull -there are individual variations in the number, shape, and position of sutural bones -their borders are like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle -they range in size from a grain of sand to a quarter
what are the characteristics of long bones?
-elongated and slender -located in the arm and forearm, thigh and leg, palms, soles, fingers, and toes -the femur, the long bone of the thigh, is the largest and heaviest bone in the body
what are characteristics of irregular bones?
-complex shapes with short, flat, notched, or ridged surface -spinal vertebrae, bones of the pelvis, and several skull bones are irregular bones
what are characteristics of sesamoid bones?
-generally small, flat, and somewhat shaped like a sesame seed -develop inside the tendons -most commonly located near the joints at the knees, the hands, and the feet -form in atleast 26 locations
what are characteristics of short bones?
-small and boxy -examples include bones in wrist (carpal) and ankles (tarsal)
what are bones classified according to?
shape and structure
how many bones are in the axial skeleton?
80
what are the two types of skeletal systems?
axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
how many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
126