Chapter 6 Flashcards
The comfortable feeling that infants gain by clinging to a soft attachment figure
Contact comfort
A structured laboratory procedure that is used to observe attachment behavior in human infants
Strange Situation
Wariness of fear of unfamiliar adults
Stranger anxiety
Distress infants experience when separated from their primary caregivers
Separation anxiety
In Ainsworth’s classification system, the healthy type of attachment between an infant and a caregiver. It is indicated when the infant seeks contact with the caregiver, clings and is soothed by the caregiver; and when the infant uses the caregiver as a safe base for exploring unfamiliar environments
Secure attachment
Unhealthy type of attachment that is indicated when the infants do not use their caregivers as a safe base for exploring unfamiliar environments, do not prefer the caregiver over unfamiliar adults, and are not visibly distressed by separation. Infants ignore or avoid their caregivers when reunited after separation.
Insecure-avoidant attachment
Unhealthy type of attachment indicated when infants seek the proximity of their caregiver but do not seem to gain comfort from the contact
Insecure-resistant attachment
Unhealthy type of attachment indicated when infants seem confused or dazed or show contradictory behaviors in the Strange Situation
Insecure-disorganized (or disorientated) attachment
A quality of infant care in which caregivers respond quickly and warmly to the baby’s signals and adjust their responses to allow the infant to direct some of the interactions
Sensitive responsiveness
Temperament in which a child is primarily positive, smiles easily, is adaptive and flexible, and has regular patterns of eating and sleeping
Easy temperament
Temperament in which a child is frequently negative, is easily frustrated, withdraws from new situations, is slow to adapt to change, and shows irregular patterns of eating and sleeping
Difficult temperament
Temperament in which a child shows mildly negative responses to new stimuli and situations, is slow to adapt to change, and shows irregular patterns of eating and sleeping
Difficult temperament
Temperament in which a child shows mildly negative responses to new stimuli and situations, but with repeated exposure gradually develops a quiet and positive interest
Slow-to-warm-up temperament
The degrees to which the child’s temperament and environment are compatible or complementary, leading to better developmental outcomes
Goodness of fit
The tendency of the emotional cues displayed by one person to generate similar cues or emotional states in other people
Emotion contagion
The tendency of infants and children to look for emotional cues from parents and other caregivers to get information in uncertain situations
Social referencing
Emotions that relate to people’s self-images or what people think about themselves; include shame, embarrassment, guilt and pride
Self-conscious emotions
Intent eye contact between two people, as when young infants stare at each other
Mutual gaze
Okay that evolves mostly around the practice of sensory activity and the development of new motor actions
Sensorimotor play
Interaction in which toddler playmates take turns imitating each other and are aware that they are being imitated
Coordinated imitation
Play in which children use make-believe and pretend to embellish objects and actions
Symbolic play
An emotional tie to a specific other person or people that endures across time and space
Attachment
